EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 691 



neida:* ; in Meloe b , Elater, &c, each claw is double or 

 consisting of two, which makes four in each leg ; and in 

 many Hippoboscidce there are six c ; in Nepa and the 

 Myriapods there is only one. In most insects, perhaps, 

 the claws are simple or undivided* 1 ; but in Galeruca f 

 Melolontha subspinosa e , &c, they are bifid at the apex; as 

 is the exterior claw of the four posterior legs in Chasmo- 

 diasiud Macraspis f M C L., and of all in Melolo?itha hor- 

 ticola.; in Serica brunnea M C L, the claws are all cleft at 

 the extremity, but the internal tooth is broad, flat, and 

 obtuse s ; in Melolontha vulgaris and Pelidnota punctata 

 M C L. h , the claws are armed with an internal tooth near 

 the base'. In the Araneida, which have three claws, the 

 two external ones are furnished with several parallel 

 teeth, which the animal uses to keep separate the threads 

 of its web, and probably for other purposes k ; and some 

 Predaceous beetles, as Lebia and Cy?nindis, have both 

 their claws similarly furnished '. These organs vary in 

 their relative proportions : thus, in Anoplognathus the 

 inner claw is much smaller than the other" 1 ; and in Elater 

 sulcatus, fuscipes, &c, it is represented by a mere bristle ; 

 in Hoplia, in the anterior tarsus it is not half the length 

 of the outer one n ; in Areoda and Pelidnota M C L. this 

 last is the smallest. They vary also in length — in Ryn- 

 chanus, Ascalaphus, &c, they are very short ; in the La- 

 mellicorns, Galeodes, &c, very long ; and in Myrmeleon 



* Plate XXIII. Fig. 14. b Plate XXVII. Fig. 52. 



<= Ibid. Fig. 46. A Ibid. Fig. 53, 54. 



e Ibid. Fig. 49. f Ibid. Fig. 38. 



g Ibid. Fig. 39. h This structure is not general in this genus. 



> Plate XXVII. Fig. 40. k Plate XXIII. Fig. 14. 



' Plate XXVII. Fig. 43. m Ibid. Fig. 47, 



n Ibid. Fig. 48. 



2 Y 2 



