TURKI, MANCHU AND CHINESE. 291 



146. Ki6ik Ala Urdak. \£*&))\ H"\ S*?*> 

 A species of duck. 



Anas clangnla. 



Manchu: Ajige yangsimu niyehe. 



Chinese : Hsiao ktjan ya. 

 The "Mirror" says: Resembles the yangsimu niyehe (No. 145). Body small. 

 Zakharoff has : Little crested wild duck. {Anas clangula). 



147 Sona Urdak. *S**jp\ t'y- 

 The Mallard. 



Anas boschas. 



Manchu : Borjin niyehe. 

 Chinese: P'u ya [p'u = rushes]. 

 The " Mirror " says : This bird is reared in captivity, and resembles the green domestic duck. 

 P. de C. gives Sona-borjin as the name of a duck. The "Sanglakh " says, sona 

 is the drake and borcin the duck. It is a curious coincidence that here we have 

 " sona" in the Turki and " borjin" in the Manchu. In China it is quite a common 

 practice to call a certain variety of bird by the combined names of the female and 

 the male. Compare No. 155. 



148. Ki6ik Urdak. <Sp j#\ i£a*£ 



Another name for No. 147. 

 Manchu: Tarmin niyehe. 

 Chinese : P'u ya. 



149. Quba Urdak. \£t*p\ ^ 



The Shoveller. 



Spatula clypeata. 

 Manchu: Kaltara niyehe. 

 Chinese : Ma ya. 

 The " Sanglakh " says quba is a Kalmak word for a breastplate. The Turki name 

 thus offers an interesting similarity to the Latin name. 



The "Mirror" says: A duck resembling the borjin niyehe (No. 147). It is "Kaltara" 

 coloured. [Kaltara literally means a red horse with white breast.] 



150. Petek Urdak. iSp jp\ c£> 



A species of duck. 



Manchu: Yargican niyehe [Z. A diving Duck: Russ. N'irok]. 



Chinese : P'i hu uu. 



The " Mirror " says : This is a small wild duck resembling the borjin niyehe (No. 147). 

 I have not been able to trace the Turki word petek : but there is a word curiously 

 like it in Ottoman Turkish for the Shoveller Duck, Spatula clypeata, namely, *«jb patqa. 



