TURKI, MANCHU AND CHINESE. 303 



208. Mihakci Janwar. ;LiU ^^sx* 



The Shrike. 



? Lanius major. 



Manchu: Hionghioi gasha. 



Chinese : Chueh [Giles, Lanius major]. 



The " Mirror " says : Sings much in the summer, but rarely in the winter. When it sings in 

 the summer, its note indicates the time for spinning to begin. 



The Turki mihakci seems to be derived from the Arabic mihakk (pronounced in 

 Ottoman Turkish mehekk and meheng) which means a touchstone. But one would 

 have expected here some name connected with a spindle or spinning. 



209. Qicqirghaq Janwar. jLiL. jjUys*.^ 



A Cuckoo [lit. the bird which cries out]. 



Manchu : Hodan gasha [transcription of the Chinese ]. 



Chinese : Ho tan. 



The "Mirror" says: This bird in nature resembles the Coko (fowl); it sings unceasingly, 

 day and night, up to the middle of the winter months. 



Giles has : Ho-tan = a kind of nightingale which is said to sing until the dawn 

 comes ; the word tan here being the Chinese character for dawn plus the Radical 196 

 for larger birds. See also No. 308. 



210. Awazliq Janwar. OjSU /•Jjjj'i 



A singing bird. Possibly The Persian Nightingale, Daulias golzi. 

 Manchu: Jilgangga gasha [lit. singing bird]. 

 Chinese : Wang kang ko. 

 The " Mirror " says: Sings at night, but has never been seen by anyone 



211. Munguzluq Janwar. Jjka. (sic) JJyjjjl <£>j* 



Manchu: Senggelengge gasha. 



Chinese : Nu k'o ya k'o [perhaps a foreign word]. 



The " Mirror " says : Head black, beak large, coffee-brown plumage. On the head is a bone 

 which looks like a crest. 



212. Usma Janwar. ^yW U**;' 



A species of Magpie. 



Manchu: Giyen gasha [Z. Russian Sinaya soroka]. 



Chinese : Tien hua. 



The "Mirror" has: Resembles the saksaha (No. 180) (magpie). Tip of the beak slightly 

 bent, head and tail feathers indigo blue. It imitates the voices of all other birds. 



The Chinese tien-hua means indigo blossom. 



