THE PALAS OF BENGAL. 71 



and Karnadeva and the invasion of the Cola king Rajendra Cola I. The invasion of 



the Cola king took place before the 13th year of that prince, 



Invasion of • 1 r -n.---,^, ,,.,„ 



i.e. before 1025 a.d. Rajendra Cola earned the viruda of 



•' Gahgegonda" or " Ganga-vijayi " by pushing as far North as the Ganges during this 



raid. The Tirumalai Rock inscription of the great conqueror 

 Rajendra Cola I. , ,, __ ,. _ . 



records the Northern Campaign in detail. It is said that 



the king seized the "Odda-visaya" which was difficult to approach. This is clearly 



the Odra Visaya of the copper-plate inscriptions of Orissa. 



Conquest of Odra and Then he entered " Kosalainadu," i.e. the Kosala of the in- 

 Kosala. . - ■ ' 



scnptions of the Soma-vathsi kings of Orissa.' Next in 



Dandabukti and order comes the subjugation of Dandabhukti. The province 



Southern Radhg. has been identified by Mahamahopadhvaya Hara Prasada 



Sastri with the modern province of Bihar, because the 



ancient name of the town of Bihar was called Otantapuri by the Tibetans and 



Adwand Bihar by the Muhammadans. But this identification is scarcely tenable. 



The place is mentioned in the Ramacarita of Sandhya- 



Uddandapura, , j- i_ 1 T • • 1 -i, 



karanandi where a person named Jayasimha is said to 



have been its ruler and is said to have aided Ramapala in his wars in Northern 

 Bengal. This man is said to have defeated Karna-Kesari, the king of Orissa. 2 

 Most probably Dandabhukti was the march-land between Orissa and Bengal, corres- 

 ponding to the modern British districts of Midnapur and Balasore, and the man 

 had defeated the king of Orissa in one of his expeditions against Bengal. It is 

 more probable for a king of the march-lands to come into conflict with the king 

 of Orissa than for the ruler of Magadha. Moreover the order in which the names 

 of the countries are mentioned prevents us from supposing that Bihar is the 

 country mentioned as we shall see later on. From Dandabhukti the king passed 

 on to Bengal, attacking and occupying the province of " Takkana-L,adam." This 

 name has been taken to be the equivalent of " Daksina L,ata " by the late Dr. 

 Kielhorn, which is the ancient name of Southern Gujarat. 3 But Messrs. Hultzsch 

 and Venkayya take it to mean " Daksina Virata" or Southern Berar. + Mr. Ven- 

 kayya is a great authority on Tamil, and he supposes that " the Tamil term 

 ' Ilada" does not correspond to Sanskrit Lata (Gujarat) but to Virata (Berar)'\ 

 But nowhere did it strike the learned scholars that the order in which the countries 

 are mentioned, prevents us from supposing that either Berar or Gujarat is men- 

 tioned. In fact the country mentioned is Southern Radha. Mr. Venkayya will 

 find, on re-considering the question, that Daksina-Radha is a better equivalent for 

 Tamil Takkana-Ladam than Daksina-Virata. Immediately after " Takkana-L/adam " 

 we have the mention of Vangala-de§a, which all authorities agree as being equal 

 to Vahga or Eastern Bengal. No sane man would turn from Orissa to conquer 

 Southern Gujarat or Berar and then return to the East to conquer East Bengal, 



1 Epi Ind., Vol. Ill, p. 323 1 Mem. A.S.B., Vol III, p. 36. 



3 Epi. Ind., Vol. App. p. 120, No. 733, Vol. VIII, App. II, p. 22, No. 11. 

 + Ann. Rep. ou Epigraphy .M adras, 1906-07, p. S/i. 



