104 



GEORGE D-S-DUNBAR ON 



Another legend, that I heard far down the valley in 1911, was that in the 

 "Uma" country a man was killed (sacrificed) whenever the salt was excavated 

 from a great cliff. The Membas said that one of the passes was so bad that when 

 they took Abor coolies along it on trading expeditions (when one of the chief 

 exports from Tibet is salt) it was almost safe to calculate that at least one Abor 

 would lose his head, his balance and his life over a sheer drop of 3000 feet, which 

 probably accounts for the Abor and Galong belief in human sacrifice being in 

 the nature of a salt tax in Tibet. 



I am indebted to Mr. W. C. M. Dundas, CLE., the Political Officer, Central 

 and Eastern Sections, North-East Frontier, for the following list of villages up the 

 valley. Before giving them it may be noted that bridges over the Tsanpo are 

 numerous from Shirang upwards and that, although a considerable trade artery exists 

 along the right bank chiefly through Yortong, the amount of trade by the Iyulung, 

 Lushe, Deyan, Doshung and Nam passes combined, is possibly less than the influx 

 of trade on the left bank. At all events the greater proportion of the imports seem 

 to come from Pomed. 



The Doshung La is the best and most frequented of the passes on the right bank. 

 The best months to cross are July and August : they are hardly open in June. It 

 appears to be a four days' journey from Yortong to Pheadoshung on the Tibetan side 

 of the Doshung L,a. 



List of places up the Tsanpo valley to the gorge. 



Right Bank. 

 (Above Yortong) 

 Pateng Yugungpe 

 Siyor 



Poteng and Marpung Goinpa (20 lamas) 

 Tanko and Shorang 

 Hora 

 Tejing 

 Pematanko with Paro Gompa (40 lamas) on hill 



above it. 

 Ngunla 

 Tego 

 Pi-Poh 

 Una 



Penyong 



Kani [beyond no road] 

 (Hangmo-Gonga, deserted) 

 The Nyalam Tsanpo flows into the main river 



near Gonga, source at the Nanila. 

 Kongidem 



Pangshing (2 houses) 

 Phuparong 

 Paiyur (most northern known village) 



Left Bank. 



(Above Bi-Pung) 



Puchutig 



Yarang 

 /Miking 

 JMetohangjo 

 Cane bridge < TomphoLhorong 



Rinehenpung 

 ' Bungmu 



Makting 

 Cane bridge — Meri 



Gemling 



Kapu. The Chindru Chu flows in 

 here. 



Duk 



Sayu 



Pangzing 



Kemting 



Pango and Khing-Khing Gompa 



Chonkong 



Kempang 



Cherasa and Tsenehuk Gompa 



Lunglip 



The Yigrung Tsanpo and Po Chu 

 flow into the Tsanpo at Gonpone. 



