198 INDIRECT INJURIES CAUSED BY INSECTS. 



pear, and cherry. — He also mentions another {Tinea 

 CorticeUa, F.) as inhabiting apple-bearing trees under 

 the bark. — And Reaumur has given us the history of a 

 species common in this country, and producing the same 

 effect, often to the destruction of the crop, the caterpillar 

 of which feeds in the centre of our apples, thus occa- 

 sioning them to fali a . Even the young grafts, I am in- 

 formed by an intelligent friend b , are frequently destroy- 

 ed, sometimes many hundreds in one night, in the nur- 

 series about London, by Curculio Vastator, Marsh., (C. 

 picipes, F.) one of the short-snouted weevils ; and the 

 foundation of canker in full-grown trees is often laid by 

 the larvce of Tortrix Wceberana c . The sap too is often 

 injuriously drawn off by a minute Coccus, of which the 

 female has the exact shape of a muscle-shell ( C. arborum 

 linearis, Geoffr.), and which Reaumur has accurately 

 described and figured 11 . This species so abounded in 

 1816 on an apple-tree in my garden that the whole bark 

 was covered with it in every part ; and I have since been 

 informed by Joshua Haworth, jun. Esq. of Hull, that it 

 equally infests other trees in the neighbourhood. Even 

 the fruit of a golden pippin which he sent me were thickly 

 beset with it. — But the greatest enemy of this tree, and 

 which has been known in this country only since the 

 year 1787, is the apple-aphis, called by some the Coccus^ 

 and by others the American blight. This is a minute in- 

 sect, covered with a long cotton-like wool transpiring 

 from the pores of its body, which takes its station in the 



a Reaum. ii. 499. b Mr. Scales. 



c Sec Observations on this Insect in the 2d volume of the Ilarii* 

 cultural Society's Transaction.'!, p. So. By W. Spenee., 

 ;1 Reaum, iv, 69. t. 5,f. 6. 7, 



