ON ALCHEMICAL EQUIPMENT IN THE ELEVENTH CENTURY, A.D. 



59 



equally, without increasing one, or diminishing another ; lest the work should be spoilt, and 

 your object be not attained. If you increase the weight of one substance you should add 

 to the others proportionately. By observing this rule, you will — if it please God ! — 

 attain your object and reach the extreme limit of your desires," 



Chapter IV. 



In this chapter, the substances mentioned in the previous chapter are divided into two 

 classes according as they are suitable for making ' the White,' or ' the Red.' Weights 

 of the substances — here referred to collectively as ' Stones ' (Ak/dr) 1 — are stated as before 

 in ratls, ounces, dirhams, and qirats, but for purposes of tabulation, only the number of 

 dirhams of each need be quoted. 9 



Substances employed. 



(a) For 'the White.' 



(6) For 'the Red.' 



Pure Gold 







5 3 



Filings of Silver 





'V 





Red Copper of Khurasan ... 



• • a 



. • • 



53s 



Filings of Copper of Mosul 



■ • • 



I 





Rtisakhtaj of Basrah 





iof 



• ■ 



Zinjar of Hims 



■ •• 



. . . 



32 



Filings of Female Iron 





74f 



• • • 



Filings of Steel — i.e., Male Iron 



• . . 



— -n 



21^ 



Tin {Rasas Qnl'i) 





io :1 





Mercury 





9of 



2 Of 



Yellow Sulphur 



... 



7 



202§* 



Yellow Arsenic Sulphide [ — ] in flakes 



256 



42| 



Salt of Oily ... 







" 48 dirhams. 5 This 

 is made out of 1280 

 dirhams of Qily." 



Lime — unslaked 







32 



Sal- Ammoniac of Khurasan 





22 



5i 



Salt of Dough ... 





256 





Egyptian Zaj 







53^ 



'Oalqant' 







32 



' Iqlimia,' or ' Yellow Marqathitha ' 





... 



io6f 



Female Maghnisiya — black, soft, 



and 







of a yielding texture 



... 



6 



... 



1 The word is employed in the same sense that it possesses in the Mafdt>hu-l-'Ufam—" anything by which the Art can be 

 performed, that is, anything out of which Elixir can be made " (ed. cit., p. 265)— and not in the more limited meaning of Chap. I. 



2 A similar statement is found in the contemporary Syrio-Arabic treatise of the British Museum (Berthelot, La Chimte, II 

 pp. 164 and 165), but the lists there given are too confused for any useful comparison to be made with them. 



5 The fact that this table calls for the use of a small quantity of gold in producing gold, and a similar quantity of silver 

 in making silver, is probably to be explained on the principle of ' like producing like.' 



* Corrected. MS U*}d cj**—-^ «JUy *jI* ^j AjJ^I iJi^ «~o ' 19 oz=ig6 dirhams.' 



6 Corrected. MS. filj* <J*J^ U*jS &j**j)j *£> Uj ^j UueJj (jjljl £j| ' 4^ oz=»48f dirhams.' 



