1901-02. 



1902-03. 



1903-04. 



55,ooo 



78,000 



27,000 



33,ooo 



37,000 



43,000 



1,63,000 



1,42,000 



1,31,000 



3,05,000 



4,21,000 



3,92,000 



THE BHOTIAS OF ALMORA AND BRITISH GARHWAL. 119 



The trade figures are as follows in rupees : — 



Native Garhwal 

 _ _: f Mana over the Mana Pass, called Tunyi-la by 

 3 > J Tibetans 



■n-Sl Niti over the Niti Pass, called the same by 

 rj (^ Tibetans 



'Johar over the Untadhura Pass, Tibetan 



Kyunamla 

 Pargana Darma — 

 i 1. Over Lipu Lekh Pass, Tibetan Jang"j 



2 <{ Lhaula ... ... | 



-z 2. Mangshan Pass, Tibetan same ... I _ „ A ^^ ^q~~^ o- ™^ 



< 3 - Lampiya Kuti La, Tibetan same ...\ 5 '7 6 '°°° 4 '9 8 '°°° ^'°°° 



i 4. Neo Dhura (for patti Darma) Tibetan j 

 [_ Nooi La or Shekhu La ...J 



Of this about four lakhs go over the Lipu Lekh Pass, which is a very easy one. In 

 1841, the trade over this Pass was only Rs. 35,900, showing that the trade has increased 

 since then elevenfold. Meanwhile, over the Johar Pass trade has, in the same period, in- 

 creased only 2| times. A further point of interest is that, between 1872 and 1902, the 

 population in Johar has increased 13*75 P er cent., and in Pargana Darma 93*12 per cent. 

 About 80 per cent, of the trade of the United Provinces goes through the Alrnora Dis- 

 trict. The wonder is not that the entire trade is so small, but, considering the execrable 

 routes, that there is any trade at all. The principal imports are borax, salt and 

 wool, and exports grain, sugar and piecegoods. 



This Memoir does not enter into points of similarity and dissimilarity between 

 this interesting people and the Tibetans living immediately across the border; nor does 

 it treat of the past commercial political history of the Bhotias, all of which subjects 

 amongst others are treated at length in " Western Tibet and the British Borderland," by 

 the present author. 



