72. Labrador-tea, Ledum groenlandicum Oeder (MS, 

 I-C). Southeast and interior Alaska. Coastal areas of southeast 

 Alaska from southern tip north to head of Lynn Canal and 

 Glacier Bay. Central Alaska from Copper River Basin north to 

 south slopes of Brooks Range; west to Hughes on Koyukuk 

 River; south to McGrath area of Kuskokwim River; and east 

 to northern part of Kenai Peninsula. Alaska east across Canada 

 to Newfoundland and Greenland, south to New Jersey, Ohio, 

 Minnesota, and Washington. 



73. rusty menziesia, Menziesia ferruginea Sm. (LS, i-C). 

 Southeastern and south-central Alaska. Pacific coast of Alaska 

 from extreme southeast end northwest to Kenai Peninsula; north 

 to Curry in Susitna Valley, also 2 isolated localities west of 

 Cook Inlet. Coastal Alaska south to northern California and 

 eastward to eastern Washington. 



74. Lapland rosebay, Rhododendron lapponicum (L. ) 

 Wahlenb. (PS-SS, I). Central, northern, and northwestern 

 Alaska. From Copper River Basin at Copper Center north to 

 outer northern foothills of Brooks Range but not in extreme 

 north Arctic coastal plain; scattered west to Chukchi Sea; south 

 in Noatak and Kobuk drainages and on Seward Peninsula; 

 southwest along north slope of Alaska Range to headwaters of 

 Stony River; and east to an isolated locality just north of Palmer. 

 Alaska eastward across the Canadian Arctic to Ellesmere Island, 

 Baffin Island, and Labrador, south in mountains to New York and 

 British Columbia. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 



75. Alaska blueberry, Vaccinium alaskaense Howell 



(MS, C). Coastal Alaska from southeastern tip northwest to 

 western side of Prince William Sound. From Alaska south along 

 Pacific coast to northern Oregon. 



76. dwarf blueberry, Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. 



(PS-SS, i-C). Southeastern and southcentral Alaska. From extreme 

 southeastern end of Alaska northward to Dry Bay, with a gap to 

 Cordova in Prince William Sound; north to 2 isolated occurrences 

 in Copper River Basin and Alaska Range; westward on south 

 slopes of Alaska Range in Susitna drainage; also at Kenai on 

 Kenai Peninsula. From Alaska east to Newfoundland and south 

 in mountains to New England, New York, Minnesota, Colorado, 

 and California. 



77. early blueberry, Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. (MS, 

 i-C). Southeastern, south-central, and southwestern Alaska. From 

 the extreme southeastern tip of Alaska northward along Pacific 

 coast to Prince William Sound; north in south-central Alaska to 

 south slopes of Alaska Range in Susitna River Valley; west to 

 isolated localities at Bethel, Platinum, and Wood River — Tikchik 

 Lakes area; southwest on the Aleutians but absent between 

 Unalaska and Attu Islands; and east to Kodiak Island and Kenai 

 Peninsula. 



78. red huckleberry, Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. (MS- 



LS, C). Southeastern Alaska from southern tip northward to 

 Lituya Bay, also an isolated locality at Yakutat. From southeast 

 Alaska south along coast to central California. 



79. bog blueberry, Vaccinium uliginosum L. (PS-SS, 

 I-C). Throughout Alaska including Aleutian Islands except extreme 

 northern Arctic coastal plain and some, isolated areas along the 

 west coast. Alaska, across Canada to Labrador and Greenland, 

 south to New England, New York, and Minnesota. Also across 

 Europe and Asia. 



80. mountain-cranberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. 

 I-C). Throughout Alaska including Aleutian Islands. Alaska east- 

 ward across the Canadian Arrti< to Baffin I -land and western 

 Greenland, south to Massachusetts, Great Lakes, and Vancouver 

 Island. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 



81. Pacific red elder, Sambucus callicarpa Greene LS- 

 ST, C). Pacific coast of southeast, southern, and sout: 

 Alaska. Through southeast from Portland Canal northwest to 

 Skagway at head of Lynn Canal, Yakutat, and west to Princf 

 William Sound, Kenai Peninsula, Afognak and Kodiak Islands. 

 Iliamna Lake, Dillingham, and coast at Platinum. Also through 

 Alaska Peninsula to Lnimak Island in eastern Aleutians. Pacific 

 coast from southwest Alaska southeast to western Oregon and 

 mountains of central and southern California. 



82. high bushcranberry, Viburnum edule (Michx.) 

 Raf. (MS-LS, I-C). Through most of interior Alaska except far 

 north and west, western Alaska Peninsula, and Aleutian Islands. 

 At Sadlerochit and Shublik Springs near Arctic Ocean in north- 

 east. From Porcupine River and south slope of Brooks Range 

 west to Kobuk and Noatak River Valleys and Nome, south to 

 Russian Mission on Yukon River, Bethel, head of Bristol Bay. 

 eastern Alaska Peninsula, and Afognak and Kodiak Islands. East 

 from Kenai Peninsula along Pacific coast and through southeast 

 from Skagway at head of Lynn Canal to Portland Canal. Alaska 

 and Yukon Territory east to mouth of Mackenzie River. Great 

 Bear Lake, Hudson Bay, Ungava Bay, and Newfoundland, south 

 to Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, Colorado, and Oregon. 



NOTES ON RANGES 



Some observations on tree distribution may be noted from 

 the maps of the 82 species. However, analyses of the ranges are 

 outside the scope of this Atlas. As in the first volume, an attempt 

 has been made to record where each species grows naturally 

 now, not to explain or speculate how and why. Additional infor- 

 mation on geographic distribution is summarized in "Alaska 

 Trees and Shrubs." 



The woody-plant species of Alaska generally can be separated 

 into two groups according to distribution within the State corre- 

 sponding to forest regions, as indicated in the List of Maps 

 under Contents. Many are confined to the Sitka spruce— hemlock 

 forests (C) of the Pacific coast in southeast and southern Alaska. 

 The map of Sitka spruce i Picea sitchensis) locates the occurrence 

 of the coastal forests. Other species are characteristic of the spruce- 

 hardwood forests of the interior ll) or the tundra beyond. The 

 map of white spruce (Picea glaitcal shows the maximum extent 

 of the interior forests. However, some species are found in both 

 regions or extend a short distance into the other. Of the 32 species 

 of trees native in Alaska. 20 are confined to the coastal region, 

 several to the southern end. The other 12 are found in the interior, 

 but 10 of these also range southward to the Pacific coast. 



All tree species native in Alaska reach their northern limit 

 somewhere in the State. Yen few extend to the tree line and form 

 the northern limit of trees. Examples are white spru 

 glauca), balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) t ami feltleaf willow 

 (Salix alaxensis), which goes even farther north a- a shrub. 

 Also, the tree species have an altitudinal limit up to a similar 

 timhcrline on high mountains. Most shrub species have corre- 

 sponding boundaries, but a lew alpine shrubs go beyond through 

 the alpine /one to perpetual ice and snow of the ice caps and 

 glaciers. 



15 



