Table 16. — Net cordwood volume oj all sound material by species group and quality class, 1938 



Species groups 



Sawlog-size trees 



Sawing material 



Upper stems ' 



Sound trees 



under sawlog 



size J 



Cull trees a 



All sound material 



Softwoods: 



Loblolly pine 



Shortleaf pine 



Pond pine 



Longleaf pine 



Virginia pine — 



White pine 



Hemlock 



Red spruce. 



Red cedar 



White-cedar 



Cypress 



Total 



Hardwoods: 

 Sweetgum: 

 Black and water tupelos 



Yellow poplar __. 



Red oaks 



White oaks 



Chestnut* 



Other hardwoods 



Total 



All species 



Cords 



37, 413, 300 



15, 627, 600 



4, 213, 400 



2, 277, 100 



2, 414, 200 



910, 900 



912, 400 



207,300 



3 122, 500 



892, 200 



2, 557, 400 



67, 548. 300 



5, 933, 000 

 7, 339, 500 

 3, 851, 200 



6, 605, 000 

 5, 946, 900 

 2, 609. 100 



7, 221, 800 



39, 506. 500 



107, 054, 800 

 Percent 



40.6 



Cords 



7,801,500 



3, 783, 000 



1, 236. 700 



496. 400 



738, 700 



201,600 



166, 300 



32, 900 



127, 200 

 711.100 



Cords 

 11. 307, 200 

 10, 425. 100 

 2, 024, 000 



1, 102, 400 



2. 532. 100 

 408, 500 



83, 000 

 89, 500 

 225. 600 

 439, 100 

 612. 800 



Cords 



1, 199. 600 



971.500 



1, 316. 100 



114, 900 



1, 105. 200 



62,400 



164, 000 



17, 300 



5, 100 



29,000 



412, 300 



Cords 

 57, 721, 600 

 30. 807, 2O0 



8, 790, 200 



3, 990, 800 

 6, 790, 200 

 1, 583, 400 

 1, 325, 700 



347,000 



353, 200 



1, 487, 500 



4, 293. 600 



15. 295. 400 



29, 249, 300 



5, 397. 400 



117,490,400 



3, 385. 300 

 3, 722. 900 



1, 831, 300 

 3, 235, 600 



2, 845. 700 

 1, 044. 200 



3, 405, 000 



5, 664, 900 

 8. 119, 900 

 3, 558, 700 



7. 088, 000 



8, 318, 000 

 2. 174. 700 



14, 291, 100 



2, 072, 900 

 5.917.900 

 916, 800 

 4, 529, 300 

 4, 808, 000 

 5.891,900 

 14, 078. 400 



19, 470, 000 



49, 215. 300 



38. 215. 200 



17, 056, 100 

 25, 100, 200 

 10, 158, 000 

 21, 457, 900 

 21, 918, 600 

 11,719,900 

 38, 996, 300 



146, 407, 000 



34, 765. 400 

 Percent 



13.2 



78. 464, 600 

 Percent 



29.7 



43,612.600 

 Percent 



16.5 



263, 897, 400 



Percent 



21.9 



11.7 



3.3 



1.5 



2.6 



.6 



.5 



.1 



.1 



.6 



1.6 



6.5 



9.5 

 3.9 

 8.1 

 8.3 

 4.4 

 14.8 



55.5 



100.0 



> To a minimum diameter of 4 inches outside bark. Includes large limbs in hardwoods. 



2 At least 5 inches d. b. h. 



3 Entire stem to a minimum 4-inch top considered sawlog material; hence, there is no additional volume in upper stems. 

 * Sound dead chestnut usable for saw timber and extract wood. 



These average volumes per acre by forest type also pro- 

 vide a measure ot timber conditions in the different parts 

 of the State. The loblolly pine and bottom-land hard- 

 woods types, which have the heaviest average volumes per 

 acre, occupy more than three-fifths of the forest land in 

 the Coastal Plain. In the piedmont the average volume 

 of 4,430 board feet per acre in the sawlog-size shortleaf pine 

 stands affords fair opportunities for utilization without de- 

 stroying the growing stock. Three-fifths of' the mountain 

 forests are upland hardwoods with an average volume of less 

 than 2,600 feet in the saw-timber stands, indicating that 

 they are badly understocked and low in productivity. 



Cordwood Volume 



The total volume of sound wood measured in cords is 

 remarkably high — 2.5 times the volume of all sawlogs 

 (table 16). The 107 million cords ol sawlog material is 

 identical with the wood reckoned above in board feet. The 

 35 million cords in upper stems of sawlog-size trees in- 

 cludes in hardwoods large limbs. The 43.6 million cords 

 in cull trees comprises sound material in the stems of cull 

 softwoods and the stems and limbs ot cull hardwoods. 



Volume by Class of Material 



About 45 percent of the cordwood volume is softwood. 

 Sawlog-size trees with their upper stems, contain 70 percent 

 of the volume, under-sawlog-size trees 25 percent, and 

 cull trees only 5 percent. Two-thirds ot the sawlog 

 material and upper stems is in the Coastal Plain, where 

 loblolly pine is a major component (appendix, table 

 41). Under-sawlog-size trees make up less than one-fitth 

 of the stand in the northern Coastal Plain, but the propor- 

 tion is greater in other parts of the State; in the piedmont, 

 where much of the old-field shortleaf and Virginia pine is 

 immature, one-third of the softwood volume is in these 

 small trees. Cull trees are not particularly common 

 among the softwoods; here nearly half of the cull volume 

 is in relatively inferior pond and Virginia pines. 



The quality of material making up the hardwood volume 

 differs markedly from that of the pines. Only 27 percent 

 is sawlog material, partly because hardwoods are consid- 

 ered under sawlog size until they are 13 inches d. b. h. Even 

 when upper stems and limbs are included, sawlog-size trees 

 account for only 40 percent ot the hardwood volume, of 

 which nearly half is in the Coastal Plain. 



33 



