BN—29517 
Stand failures are frequent on poor seedbeds such as this one in the Southern Great Plains. Improved seedling 
vigor and increased tolerance to drought and temperature extremes would reduce losses; however, elimination of 
competing vegetation is essential for successful seeding operations on arid land. 
BN—29530 
Hybrid vigor has been recorded in many forage species. The vigorous plant (center) is a hybrid produced by 
crossing sand bluestem (left) and big bluestem (right) at Lincoln, Nebr. 
