98 SUCCESSFUL BEE-KEEPING. 
across the hives in rabbets, to which the bees built their 
combs. The side attachments had to be removed by cut- 
ting them loose with a knife. 
. Bars led to frames. Henry Taylor, 
| in his Bee-Keeper’s Manual, (first 
published in 1838,) 6th edition, Lon- 
don, 1860, p. 73, describes a frame 
like Fig. 14, and gives an illustration 
i of which Fig. 15 is a copy. Deserib- 
14—Taylor Frame. ing his observing hive, he says: 
“ For the purpose of preventing the bees from attaching 
the combs to the glass, thin upright strips of wood, rather 
more than half an inch wide, are tacked under the cen- 
tre of each bar, at both ends, extending from top to 
bottom inside of the hive. Or some might prefer to use 
frame-bars, like the one described and illustrated at page 
58,” as follows : 
“Tt may be well here to allude to what some have 
thought to be an improvement in the construction of the 
bars, the object being to render the combs more accessi- 
ble, and the usual cutting, to detach 
them from the sides of the hive, 
avoided. A reference to the accom- 
panying engraving will exhibit a 
bar with a frame suspended beneath 
it, but so made as not to touch eith- 
er the sides or bottom of the hive, 
and within which the combs are, or ought to be, wrought.” 
W. Augustus Munn, invented the “ Bar-and-Frame 
Hive,” and published a description of it in London, in 
1844. He then used the “ oblong bar-frames to take out 
_of the back of the bee-box.” He afterwards discarded the 
