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54 SUCCESSFUL BEE-KEEPING. 
GREATER ANIMAL HEAT. 
In the quadruple hive, only one-half of the wall surface \ 
of each apartment is exposed to the weather ; and, in 
winter, the four swarms cluster about its centre, thereby 
producing in the hive, for the benefit of each swarm, four 
times the amount of animal heat produced in a single 
hive. . 
WINTER PASSAGES. 
Many colonies of bees are lost in winter, from want of 
winter passages through their combs. Seeing this neces- 
sity, the writer contrived his present mode of making 
such passages, and securing them against being filled up 
- by the bees, by cylinders made of tin or other material, 
and painted on the inside, and suspended in the empty 
frames, or placed in the combs. 
Mr. Langstroth, in his book on the Honey Bee, third 
edition, 1860, p 337, recommends cutting a hole through 
each comb late in the fall ; and in a foot note, gives Mr, 
Wm. W. Cary’s method of making such a passage, de- 
scribes his instrument for doing it, says an application 
for a patent on “ this device” was pending, and that, “ if 
the patent issues, the right to use it, will be free to all 
owning the right to use the movable-comb hive.” 
It may be remarked, here, that he says nothing about 
securing the passage against being filled up by the bees. 
Yet, in the Bee Journal for June, 1861, p. 136, Mr. L. ‘says, 
‘“ Some years ago Mr. W. W. Cary, of Coleraine, Mass., 
after cutting winter passages in the combs, put in them 
a coiled shaving, to prevent the bees filling them up. I 
contrived a mode of suspending this shaving in an empty 
frame.” 
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