ORE-75206 
Figure 15.—Bearberry provides an excellent ground cover, especially in open 
areas at the edge of tree plantings. 
The openings in the cover may be along highways, roads, and paths, 
or at the juncture between trees and permanent herbaceous plants. 
Border shrubs provide food and shelter for wildlife, and the fruits 
are often harvested for human food. 
Evergreen blackberry is exceptionally well adapted to the dune 
areas along the north Pacific coast. It is a vigorous, spiny, decumbent 
evergreen “shrub. that produces abundant crops of edible fruit. 
Because of the growth characteristics and the spines, evergreen 
blackberry can be used to prevent indiscriminate traffic into areas 
planted to permanent trees. This plant is easy to establish from 
seedlings or crown divisions and is long lived. 
Salmonberry and thimbleberry volunteer and grow naturally as 
erect border plants on both well-drained and poorly drained 
sites. They provide food and shelter for upland game birds and are 
lightly browsed by deer. Twinberry honey suckle is similar to these 
two shrubs in adaptation, establishment, and use. 
Other Trees and Shrubs Tested 
Many species of trees and shrubs are listed in the literature on 
dune stabilization, some highly recommended. Most of the species 
thought to be adapted to the temperate zone under maritime climatic 
conditions have been thoroughly tested on the dunes of the north 
Pacific coast. A few unsuccessful species that have been widely 
used elsewhere are listed here. 
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