where suitable agricultural land is limited, the 

 broadening of the source of farm income depends 

 largely upon the development of forest resources. 

 The fact that the population is usually more familiar 

 with forest product operations than with other ac- 

 tivities, except cotton, corn, or tobacco cultivation, 

 increases the practicability of such development. 



Manufacturing Industries 



The aggregate value of South Carolina's industrial 

 products in 1939, including the value added by man- 

 ufacture, was $567,359,482, according to the U. S. 

 Census of Manufactures. Of this total, textiles 

 comprised $390,002,074, or 69 percent; forest prod- 

 ucts 14 percent (/J) (fig. 12); food and beverages 6; 

 fertilizers and cottonseed products 4; and all others 

 7 percent. Textile manufacture assumed the lead- 

 ing place among the State's industries after the mi- 

 gration of the northern cotton mills to the sources 

 of supply. The value of cotton-textile products, 

 including the value added by manufacture^ has ex- 

 ceeded $300,000,000 in at least 4 out of the 10 

 United States biennial census studies since 1921. 

 For many decades the value of cotton products, 

 number of wage earners, and salaries and wages paid 

 in the cotton-textile industry have exceeded 50 per- 

 cent of the State totals for manufacturing indus- 

 tries. South Carolina is outranked only by North 

 Carolina in the volume and value of its cotton man- 

 ufactures. 



Even excluding the small portable sawmills, the 

 combined forest industries ranked next to cotton 

 textiles. The value added by manufacture in the 

 principal forest industries is shown in figure 13. 



Overspecialization in cotton is evident from the 

 above figures. An economy based so largely upon 

 one industry is not in the best interest of the State 



INDUSTRY 



VALUE 



LUMBER..=T1MBER PRODUCTS 

 NOT OTHERWISE CLASSIFIED 



PULP AND PAPER 

 PLANING MILLS 







^ 





^__ 



^__ 







r— 





^^ 





. 











FURNITURE 



■i 













WOODEN BOXES 



■ 













CASKETS 















TURPENTINE AND ROSINS 















2 4 6 8 10 12 

 MILLIONS OF DOLLARS 



Figure 13. — Value added by manufacture for principal forest in- 

 dustries in South Carolina, 1939. 



since the market for any commodity or group of 

 related products is subject to wide fluctuations and 

 the income of people dependent upon it may decline 

 at times to tragically low levels. One means of re- 

 lief from overspecialization is offered by the more 

 effective use of South Carolina's largest land re- 

 source — the forest. 



Wood-using industries are found in every county 

 in the State, but nearly half the production of tex- 

 tiles (based on the value of the annual product) has 

 in the past come from Greenville, Spartanburg, and 

 Anderson Counties, and 80 percent from 11 counties 

 of the upper piedmont (<5). Other manufacturing 

 industries are similarly concentrated, four-fifths 

 being located in the 15 most industrialized counties. 



Forests and Cropland Abandoyiment 



In many places throughout the State second- 

 growth forests have already seized, or are encroach- 

 ing on, abandoned farm lands (fig. 14). Large areas, 



PRODUCT 



VALUE 



TEXTILES 

 FOREST PRODUCTS 





^^^ 





^^_ 





__ 







1 











FOOD-. SOFT DRINKS 



■ 















FERTILIZERS AND 

 COTTONSEED PRODUCTS 



1 















PUBLISHING — PRINTING 



1 















ALL OTHERS 



■ 















C 



) 20 4 

 MIL 



60 80 100 12 

 -IONS OF DOLLARS 



■0 



Figure 12. — Value added by manufacture for principal industries 

 in South Carolina, 1939. 



Figure 14. — Abandoned and eroded fields are gradually taken over 

 by the forest, but the process may be a long one. 



12 



