FWS coordinates 
with APHIS Animal 
Care on animal 
welfare issues, with 
Wildlife Services 
on issues involving 
migratory birds 
and threatened 
and endangered 
species... 
Among its key functions, the Service 
enforces Federal wildlife laws, protects 
endangered species, manages migratory 
birds, restores nationally significant fish- 
eries, conserves and restores wildlife habitat 
such as wetlands, and helps foreign govern- 
ments with their international conservation 
efforts. It also oversees the Federal aid 
program that distributes hundreds of 
millions of dollars in excise taxes on fishing 
and hunting equipment to State fish and 
wildlife agencies. 
In enforcing the provisions of the 1975 
Convention on International Trade in 
Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna 
(CITES), FWS works to protect threatened 
species from all international commercial 
trade and determine if species that are not 
threatened could become so if they continue 
to be unregulated. FWS also lists currently 
protected U.S. native species of animals 
and plants. 
APHIS works closely with FWS on a number 
of issues. FWS coordinates with APHIS 
Animal Care on animal welfare issues, 
with Wildlife Services on issues involving 
migratory birds and threatened and endan- 
gered species, with Veterinary Services on 
smuggled birds and animal disease issues, 
and with PPQ on CITES-listed endangered 
plant species. 
6 Fe ency Cooperation in World Trade Activities 
United States Trade Representative 
Probably the best known Federal entity 
working on trade issues is the office of the 
USTR. It is responsible for developing and 
coordinating America’s foreign trade, com- 
modity, and direct investment policy. 
The USTR provides trade policy leadership 
and negotiating expertise in several areas, 
including export expansion policy, industrial 
and services trade policy, international com- 
modity agreements and policy, bilateral and 
multilateral trade and investment issues, 
trade-related intellectual property protection 
issues, import policy, trade, commodity, and 
direct investment matters dealt with by 
international institutions such as the 
Organization for Economic Cooperation and 
Development, the United Nations Conference 
on Trade and Development, and all dealings 
with the WTO. 
The issue of international trade is very large 
and very complicated. Federal offices work 
together with each other and, oftentimes, 
with State, local, and private interests to 
ensure that America continues to be an eco- 
nomic force in the world. There is no single 
office that handles all trade-related matters, 
even specialized trade such as agriculture. It 
takes a team of dedicated Federal agencies, of 
which APHIS is a part, to keep America com- 
petitive in the international trade arena. 
For more information about APHIS 
programs, visit the APHIS homepage at 
http://www.aphis.usda.gov 
