Lumber production here deviated from trends 

 in other regions and for the country as a whole 

 in not receding proportionately as much during 

 the depression period 1931 to 1934 and in recover- 

 ing thereafter more rapidly (table 29). Oregon 

 sawmills produced more than three-quarters of 

 the average annual regional production during 

 the period 1925-38, inclusive. 



Ponderosa pine amounted to 96 percent of the 

 total lumber production in the pine region of 

 Oregon, 77 percent in Washington, and 91 percent 

 in the entire region. This region produces about 

 two-fifths of the entire cut of ponderosa pine lumber 

 in the country (fig. 32). 



Lumber transportation and markets 



Transportation of lumber to primary consuming 

 markets is almost entirely by rail. It is estimated 

 that less than 1 percent of the regional lumber 

 production is exported to foreign countries, and 

 about 40 percent is sold in Oregon and Washing- 

 ton. It is doubtful, however, that more than 10 

 percent of the lumber sold locally is finally con- 

 sumed within the region; the remainder is re- 

 manufactured and shipped to other parts of the 

 country in such forms as sash and doors and box 

 shook. The principal outside markets for lumber 

 are California, New York, Illinois, Iowa, Wiscon- 

 sin, and Minnesota. A large part of these ship- 

 ments consists of factory or shop lumber destined 

 for further finishing. Freight amounts to a large 



5 



K 2.000 



1.000 





























UNIT 



ED STA1 



ES v 





















































































































P0NDE 



ROSA 



=INE R( 



:gion 











































1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 



Figure 32. — Comparison of production of ponderosa pine lumber in the United States 

 and in the ponderosa pine region of eastern Oregon and eastern Washington. 



part of the delivered price of lumber shipped to 

 middle western and eastern points. The rail rate 

 from Bend or Klamath Falls to Des Moines is 69% 

 cents per hundredweight, to Chicago 73% cents, 

 and to points eastward to the Atlantic Coast 82 

 cents. Assuming an average shipping weight of 

 2,000 pounds per M board feet, these rates amount 

 to $13.90, $14.70, and $16.40, respectively, per M 

 board feet. Partly, at least, because of the heavy 

 burden of freight charges which ponderosa pine 

 must bear, this species is marketed in a more 

 orderly fashion and with better control by the 

 manufacturers than many other woods. 



Because of the high freight cost, the shipment of 

 the lower grades to distant markets is not justified, 

 but a large part goes to local box factories. 



Manufacture of cedar shingles is the only other 

 primary wood-using industry and it is of little 

 importance. There are only a few small mills 

 producing cedar shingles. 



Other Manufactures 



The chief sawmill byproducts are lath, fuel 

 wood, hogged fuel, and sawdust. The use of 

 hogged fuel and sawdust for industrial fuel is limited 

 almost entirely to the wood-using industries. Saw- 

 dust, slabs, and edgings are used as fuel in homes, 

 schools, and office buildings in the forest-industry 

 communities, but this use is limited by the sparse - 

 ness of population in these localities. 

 The leading secondary wood-using industry is 

 manufacture of box shooks. It 

 is estimated that in the Klamath 

 Falls district two-thirds of the 

 lumber cut is manufactured into 

 box shooks. In other parts of the 

 region the amount going to box 

 factories is much less but still a 

 substantial part of the total cut. 

 Most of the large sawmills and 

 many of the small mills operate 

 box factories. In addition there 

 are a number of small independ- 

 ent box factories that either buy 

 lumber or more commonly 

 operate a small sawmill to supply 

 their box factories, disposing of 

 the better quality boards for 

 lumber. In all, there are about 

 50 box factories with a total 



66 



