NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 81 
Carya amara, see Carya cordiformis. 
Carya aquatica (Michx. f.) Nutt. Water hickory. 
Hicoria aquatica (Michx. f.) Britt. 
Range: 20, 25, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Nut; available September—October. 
A large tree; ordinarily grows in alluvial soil; taproot small, lateral roots 
well developed: wood of little importance commercially. 
Stomach records: Wood duck, mallard. 
Carya arkansana, see Carya buckleyi. 
Carya buckleyi Durand. Texas hickory. 
Hicoria buckleyi (Durand) Sudw. 
Range: 16, 20, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Nut. 
A large tree; occurs in sandy or other soils. 
Var. arkansana (Sarg.) Ashe, (C. arkansana Sarg.) occurs also in region 25. 
Carya carolinae-septentrionalis (Ashe) Engelm. and Graebn. 
Southern shagbark hickory. 
Hicoria carolinae-septentrionalis Ashe. 
Range: 27, 28, 29. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Nut. 
A large tree; occurs on sandy, rocky, or rich soil. 
Carya cordiformis (Wang.) Koch. Bitternut hickory: 
Hicoria cordiformis (Wang.) Britt., H. minima (Marsh.) Britt., C. amara 
Nutt. 
Range: 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Nut, available September—October. 
A large tree; usually oecurs on slightly acid, very fertile soil; the most 
rapid growing of all the hickories, especially when young, later slower; tap- 
root and laterals well developed; long-lived ; easily frost- and fire-damaged when 
young; stump and root sprouts produced; has been noted to be dying out in 
Indiana supposedly because of a root disease; attacked by hickory borer, 
otherwise generally free from insects and fungi; wood very tough, of some 
importance commercially; about 110 seeds per pound, germination 80—90 
percent. 
Observations: Cottontail rabbit; fruit claimed to be generally distasteful to 
wildlife. 
Carya floridana Sarg. Scrub hickory. 
Hicoria floridana (Sarg.) Sudw. 
Range: 30, 31. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Nut. 
A large shrub to small tree; usually occurs on sandy soil; fruit usually 
produced abundantly. ; 
Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet. Pignut hickory. 
C. porcina Nutt., Juglans glabra Mill., Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britt. 
Range: 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Nut, available September—October. 
A large tree; ordinarily occurs in fertile, slightly acid soil; slow growing, 
long-lived ; root system deep; wind-firm; easily frost- and fire-damaged; some- 
what injured by bark beetles; root sprouts produced; often invades land after 
the virgin forest is cut to form pure stands; difficult to transplant; 210 Seeds 
per pound, germination about 85 percent; about 70 usable plants per pound 
of seed. 
Var. megacarpa (Sarg.) Sudw., (C. megacarpa Sarg.) has larger fruits and 
occurs within the range of the species. 
Observations: Cottontail rabbit. 
