88 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. 8S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Ceanothus incanus Torr. and Gray. Coast whitethorn. 
Range: 4. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub; flowers April-May; forms extensive thickets; pioneers in 
logged woodland areas; stump sprouts after cutting; propagation is by seeds 
treated in hot water to 176° F., cooled, and stratified 3142 months at 36°; by 
this process 70-percent germination may be obtained. 
Ceanothus infesta, see Adolphia infesta. 
Ceanothus insularis, see Ceanothus crassifolius. 
Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. and Arn. Deer brush. 
C. californica Kellogg, C. integerrimus puberulus Abrams. 
Range: 4, 11. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large, widely branched shrub; flowers June-August; occurs from 
2,000 to 5,000 feet northward and from 4,000 to 6,500 feet southward; foliage 
dense; some leaves persist all winter; rapid growing; stump sprouts after 
cutting or fire; withstands grazing well; reproductive power good; easily shaded 
out by pine and fir; 85-percent germination of seed is obtained by heating to 
176° F. in water, cooling, and stratifying 34% months at 36°; 68-percent germina- 
tion obtained with seeds boiled 1 minute and stratified 3 months. 
Stomach records: Gambel quail. Observations: Of outstanding importance 
for mule deer; porcupine. The most important browse species for stock in 
California. Considered poisonous by some but probably of little significance 
physiologically. A valuable honey plant. 
Ceanothus intermedius Pursh. Redroot. 
CO. americanus intermedius Koch. 
Range: 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule, available in September. 
A small shrub; flowers April—May. 
Ceanothus jepsonii Greene. Jepson ceanothus. 
Range: 4. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large, rigid, erect shrub; flowers in April; colony forming; com- 
pletely killed by chaparral fires. 
Var. purpurea Jeps. (C. purpurea Jeps.), the hollyleaf ceanothus, occurs in 
the southern part of the range. 
Ceanothus lemmonii Parry. Plumas-brush. 
Range: 4. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small, spreading shrub; flowers April—May. 
Ceanothus leucodermis Greene. Chaparral whitethorn. 
C. divaricatus of auth., not Nutt., C. divaricatus grosse-serratus Torr. 
Range: 4, 5, 10. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub to small tree; spreading and spinose, flowers April--May; 
occurs from 1,000 to 5,000 feet; persists in spite of fire; 67-percent germination 
of seed obtained by heating in water to 158° F., cooling, stratifying at 36° for 
3 months; 48-percent germination obtained by heating to 194°, cooling, and 
sowing for 4 months; about 77,000 seeds per pound. 
Observations: Of outstanding importance as browse for mule deer. Value 
for livestock limited. 
Ceanothus macrocarpus Nutt. Big-pod ceanothus. 
C. megacarpus Nutt., C. cuneatus macrocarpus (Nutt.) Brandeg, 
Range: 5. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
