NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 89 
A large shrub to small tree: flowers January—March; occurs at low altitudes. 
Observations: California mule deer. 
Ceanothus martinii Jones. Martin ceanothus. 
C. sorediatus glabra Wats. 
Range: 9, 13. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large shrub; flowers June-July. Highly palatable to sheep and 
cattle. 
Ceanothus megacarpus, see Ceanothus macrocarpus. 
Ceanothus microphyllus Michx. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small, spreading, much-branched evergreen shrub; flowers April—May; 
occurs in sandy and other soils. 
Ceanothus oliganthus Nutt. Hairy ceanothus. 
C. hirsutus Nutt., C. divaricatus Nutt., not of auth., C. orcuttii Parry. 
Range: 5. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub; flowers May—June; occurs below 3,500 feet. 
Observations: California mule deer. 
Ceanothus orcuttii, see Ceanothus oliganthus. 
Ceanothus oregonus, see Ceanothus sanguineus. 
Ceanothus ovalis, see Ceanothus ovatus. 
Ceanothus ovatus Desf. Redroot. 
C. ovalis Bigel. 
Range: 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule available September—November. 
A small shrub; flowers May—June; occurs in sandy and other soils. 
Stomach records: Bobwhite (?). One of the best stock browse species in the 
Black Hills. 
Ceanothus palmeri Trel. Cuyamaca bush. 
C. spinosus palmeri Jeps. 
Range: 4, 5. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub; flowers May-June; occurs from 4,500 to 5,700 feet; stump 
sprouts after cutting. Browsed by cattle in times of scarcity of other feed. 
Ceanothus papillosus Torr. and Gray. Bennie bush. 
Range: 1, 5. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit : Capsule. ; 
A small to rarely large shrub of open habit; flowers May—June; inflammable; 
75-percent germination of seed is obtained by treating with hot water to 176° F., 
cooling, and stratifying 34% months at 36°; about 200,000 seeds per pound. 
Ceanothus parryi Trel. Lady-bloom, 
Range: 4. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large shrub; flowers April-June; very openly branched. 
Ceanothus parvifolius Trel. Littleleaf ceanothus. 
Range: 4. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small shrub; flowers in June; occurs from 4,700 to 6,500 feet. 
Observations: Fair browse for mule deer. 
Ceanothus perplexans, see Ceanothus greggii. 
