NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES QO] 
Ceanothus subsericeus Rydb. 
Range: 18. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small shrub; flowers in July. 
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Esch. Blueblossom. 
Range: 1. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule, available July—December. 
A large shrub to small tree; evergreen; flowers April-June; nitrogen nodules 
very abundant; forms dense thickets after fires; a pioneer in cut-over areas, 
often to the exclusion of other species; not successful in heavy soils; root 
system shallow; 88-percent germination of seed obtained by treating in hot 
water to 158° F., cooling, and stratifying 3 months at 36°; about 182,000 seeds 
per pound. 
Observations: An important food of Roosevelt elk. 
Ceanothus tomentosus Parry. Ione bush. 
Range: 4. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large, loosely-branched shrub; flowers in May; occurs up to 3,000 feet; 
stump sprouts after cutting. 
Var. olivaceus Jeps. (C. cyaneus Hastw.), Ramona bush, occurs in region 5. 
Observations: Of slight importance as browse for mule deer. 
Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. Snowbrush. 
Range: 2) 4.16) 1, 12. 13, 15; 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large evergreen shrub; flowers May—July; spreading and many 
stemmed from the base; possesses a single large taproot which may make 
transplanting difficult; root System spreading, deep; a pioneer, forming vast 
thickets in logged or burned-over areas; 68 percent germination of seed is 
obtained by treatment in hot water at 176° F., and stratification for 8 months 
at 36°, or 63 percent when boiled 5 minutes and stratified 3 months. 
Stomach records: Plains white-tailed deer. 
Observations: A fair browse for mule deer; pica. Usually grazed only 
slightly by stock; much grazing indicates poor range; attempts to eradicate 
the species by overgrazing by goats have failed. 
Ceanothus verrucosus Nutt. Barranca bush. 
Range: 5. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large, wide-Spreading shrub; flowers January—April; occurs in 
sandy soils, not successful in heavy soils; 20-percent germination of seed 
obtained when sown directly. 
Ceanothus vestitus, see Ceanothus greggii. 
Cebatha carolina, see Cocculus carolinus. 
Cebatha diversifolia, see Cocculus diversifolius. 
Celastrus scandens L. Climbing bittersweet. 
Ranges ido. Gls) Ji 22. 232A oO one Oreo. OU: 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. : 
Fruit: Pod, seeds with pulpy arils, available September—December, 
rarely later. 
A twining, high-climbing, or thicket-forming vine; essentially dioecious but 
pistillate plants have enough staminate flowers to ensure fertilization; injures 
trees by constriction; very common along fence rows; occurs in loam, sand, 
clay, and other soils; propagation is by seeds sown in fall or stratified and 
sown in spring, or by layers and root cutting; 12,000 seeds per pound, germi- 
nation 80 percent, about 3,000 usable plants per pound of seed. 
Stomach records: Hight species of birds, including ruffed grouse and bob- 
white. 
Observations: Seven species of birds, including ring-necked pheasant; cotton- 
tail rabbit, fox squirrel, songbirds. Not browsed by livestock; poisonous to 
horses but apparently not attractive to them. 
