NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 109 
A small to large tree; flowers April-June; root system not deep; slow grow- 
ing, long-lived; relatively free from insects and diseases; coppices freely; 
often occurs in slightly acid soil; wood used commercially; difficult to trans- 
plant; propagation is by seed stratified 120 to 140 days at 32°-50° F. and sown 
in spring, or by cuttings which root best in peat after treatment with potassium 
permanganate ; 3,500-4,000 seeds per pound, germination about 70 percent, about 
1,000 usable plants per pound of seed. 
Stomach records: Thirty-six species of birds, including ruffed grouse, bob- 
white, and wild turkey; eastern chipmunk. Observations: Twenty-eight species 
of birds including bobwhite and wild turkey; ranks twenty-first on the list 
of quail food plants of the Southeast; preferred food of wild turkey; much 
eaten by squirrels; white-tailed deer; gray squirrel. 
Cornus foemina Mill. Stiff cornel. 
C. stricta Lam., C. candidissina Marsh., Svida foemina (Mill.) Rydb., 
S. stricta (Lam.) Small. 
Range: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe, available September—October. 
A large shrub; flowers May-June. 
Cornus glabrata Benth. Brown dogwood. 
Svida catalinensis Millsp. 
Range: 1, 3, 4, 5. 
Site: Moist, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe, available August-September. 
A large, thicket-forming shrub; flowers May—June; procumbent or drooping 
branches root where they touch the ground. 
Cornus instolonea, see Cornus stolonifera. 
Cornus interior Rydb. 
Svida interior Rydb. 
Range: 15, 16, 18, 19. 
Site: Moist, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe, available September—October. 
A large shrub; flowers June—July. 
Cornus microcarpa Nash. 
Svida microcarpa (Nash) Small. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe, available in September. 
A large shrub; flowers April-May. 
Cornus nuttallii Aud. Pacific dogwood. 
Cynozrylon nuttallii (Aud.) Schaf. 
Range: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 
Site: Well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Drupe, available October-November. 
Usually a small tree, more rarely a large one; flowers in April and again in 
August-September; ordinarily grows best when somewhat shaded by adjacent 
trees, the removal of which often brings on the death of the plant; coppices 
freely ; wood very little used commercially; cultivated to some extent; about 
6,000 seeds per pound. 
Stomach records: Four species of birds; Townsend’s chipmunk. Observations: 
Cooper’s chipmunk ; of slight importance as browse for mule deer. 
Cornus obliqua Raf. Pale dogwood. 
C. purpusii Koehne. 
Range: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Drupe, available July-September. 
A small to large, spreading shrub; flowers May—June; foliage dense; possibly 
better considered as a form of C. amomum (q. V.). 
Cornus occidentalis Cov. Western osier. 
C. pubescens Nutt., Svida pubescens (Nutt.) Standl. 
Range 3-192). 3.°4.°7, 12° 13: 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe, available July—October. 
