NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 121 
Ephedra nevadensis Wats. Nevada jointfir. 
Range: 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 20. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Nutlike. 
A small, nearly leafless, shrub with spreading branches. Much grazed by 
livestock. 
Ephedra pedunculata Engelm. 
Range: 11, 16, 17, 20. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Berrylike, available September—November. 
A shrub or small vine; stems often reclining or climbing over surrounding 
shrubs. 
Ephedra texana Reed. Texas jointfir. 
Range: 16. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Berrylike. 
A small to large shrub with erect branches; fruit comparatively fleshy. 
Ephedra torreyana Wats. Torrey jointfir. 
Range: 9, 10, 11, 14, 16. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Nutlike. 
A small shrub; branches flexuous. Grazed by cattle, especially in winter. 
Ephedra trifureca Torr. Popotillo. 
Range: 10, 11. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Nutlike, available April—May. 
A small, much-branched, often spinescent shrub; germination of seed at least 
34 percent. 
Stomach records: Scaled quail; mountain sheep. Observations: Jack rabbit, 
Mexican bighorn. Grazed by cattle, especially in winter. 
Ephedra viridis Cov. Mormon tea. 
Range: 9, 10, 11. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Nutlike; available in May. 
A small shrub with crowded, erect, rigid, broomlike branches; flowers March— 
June; root system deep, fibrous, but scarcely spreading. 
Stomach records: Black-tailed deer. Observations: Mule deer. An important 
browse for livestock. 
Epibaterium carolinum, see Cocculus carolinus. 
Ericameria arborescens, see Aplopappus arborescens. 
Ericameria brachylepis, see Aplopappus proninquus. 
Ericameria cuneatus, see Aplopappus cunedatus. 
Ericameria ericoides, see Aplopappus ericoides. 
Ericameria monactis, see Aplopappus cooperi. 
Ericameria nana, see Aplopappus nanus. 
Ericameria flelsonii, see Aplopappus laricifolius. 
Ericameria palmeri, see Aplopappus palmeri. 
Ericameria paniculata, see Chrysothamnus paniculatus. 
Ericameria parishii, see Aplopappus parishii. 
Ericameria pinifolia, see Aplopappus pinifolius. 
Ericameria resinosa, see Aplopappus nanus. 
Ericameria teretifolia, see Chrysothamnus teretifolius. 
Eriodictyon angustifolium Nutt. Narrowleaf yerba-santa. 
Range: 9, 10, 11. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit : Capsule. 
A small to large evergreen shrub of very little value as forage, except to 
goats. 
