NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 143 
Observations: Much visited by hummingbirds. Considered a fair to fairly good 
livestock browse. 
Tlex spp. 
Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Thirty-two species of birds 
including ruffed grouse, bobwhite and wild turkey; white-tailed deer. 
Observations: Nine species of birds. 
Ilex ambigua, see Zlex montana. 
Tiex beadlei, see [lex montana. 
Ilex bronxensis, see Ilex verticillata. 
lex caroliniana, see Ilex montana. 
Tlex cassine L. Dahoon holly. 
I. dahoon Walt., I. myrtifolia Walt. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, Sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—March. 
A large shrub to small tree or rarely a large tree; evergreen; flowers in May; 
occurs on sandy and often acid soils. 
Stomach records: Six species of birds; raccoon. Observations: Fish crow, red- 
eyed vireo. 
Ilex coriacea (Pursh) Chapm. Tall inkberry. 
I. lucida Torr. and Gray, Prinos coriacea Pursh. 
Range: 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—October. 
A small to large shrub, or rarely a small to large tree; evergreen; flowers 
April-May. 
Tlex dahoon, see Jlex cassine. 
Tlex decidua Walt. Deciduous holly. 
Range: 16, 17, 20, 25, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—March. 
A large shrub to small or large tree; flowers April—May. 
Stomach records: Nine species of birds, including bobwhiie. 
Ilex dubia, see Ilex montana. 
Ilex glabra (L.) Gray. Gallberry. 
Range: 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade, 
Fruit: Berry, available July—June. 
A small evergreen shrub; occurs on sandy and other soils; free from insects 
and diseases; will sprout after fire. 
Stomach records: Fifteen species of birds, including bobwhite and wild turkey. 
Observations: Mockingbird, hermit thrush; capitive marsh rabbit. An impor- 
tant honey plant. 
Ilex laevigata (Pursh) Gray. Smooth winterberry. 
Range: 26, 27, 28, 29. . 
Site: Moist, sun. 
Fruit, Berry, available September—January. 
A small to large shrub or rarely a large tree; flowers May—June; often occurs 
on acid soil. 
Ilex longipes Chapm. (pl. 16, A). Largeleaf holly. 
Range: 20, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—Octcber. 
A small to large shrub or small tree; branches widespreading, but not dense. 
Ilex lucida, see Ilex coriaceda. 
Ilex montana Torr. and Gray. Mountain holly. 
I. monticola, I. caroliniana (Walt.) Trel., not mill. Gray, J. ambigua 
(Michx.) Chapm., I. beadlei Ashe, I. dubia B.S. P. 
ange 2 2a) 2g coy ao: 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available October-November. 
33772°—38——10 
