NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 193 
A large evergreen tree; three-needled; rapid growing, especially in moist 
soil; extremely drought resistant; searcely resistant to fire; seedlings, but 
not older trees, tolerant of shade; susceptible to fungus attack ; wood of little 
commercial value, easily decaying; vitality of seeds transient. 
Observations: California gray squirrel; of slight importance as browse for 
mule deer. 
Pinus scopulorum, see Pinws brachyptera. 
Pinus serotina Michx. Pond pine. 
P. rigida serotina (Michx.) Loud. 
Range: 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Moist, sun. 
Fruit: Cone; some open, some remain closed after maturity. 
A large evergreen tree; commonly three-needled; rapid growing; intolerant 
of shade; wood heavy, resinous; 56,000 seeds per pound, germination 70-90 
percent. 
Stomach records: Bobwhite. 
Pinus strobiformis Engelm. Mexican white pine. 
Range: 11, 14. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Cone; mature in September, seeds completely shed by the middle 
of October. 
A large evergreen tree; five-needled; susceptible to blister rust; seedlings 
endure moderate shade; wood little used commercially ; most seed produced at 
middle elevations; 2,700 seeds per pound. 
Observations: Much eaten by birds and squirrels. 
Pinus strobus L. Northern white pine. 
Strobus weymouthiana Opiz., 8S. strobus (L.) Small. 
Range: 21, 22, 23, 24, 27. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Cone; mature in July of the second season, seeds discharged 
in September. 
A large evergreen tree; five-needled; root system small, shallow; successful 
on sandy soils; commonly attacked by white-pine weevil and blister rust; wood 
of great importance commercially; numerous varieties distinguished in cul- 
tivation; 25,000 seeds per pound, germination 67 percent. 
Stomach records: Six species of birds, including bobwhite; white-tailed deer. 
Observations: Hight species of birds; a preferred food of red squirrel; moose, 
snowshoe hare, cottontail rabbit, casually browsed by northern white-tailed 
deer. 
Pinus taeda L. Loblolly pine. 
Range: 19, 20, 22, 25, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Cone; opens slowly, seeds shed in late fall and winter, cones 
persist a year longer. 
A large evergreen tree; three-needled; seedlings with a long taproot, older 
trees with a spreading root system; not commonly found on heavy clay or 
highly siliceous solls; rapid growing; tolerant of shade in earlier stages, later 
much less so; susceptible to diseases and insects; wood not durable, valuable 
commercially; invades and reforests abandoned fields very rapidly; 13,000~ 
55,000 seeds per pound, germination 25-80 percent. 
Stomach records: Hight species of birds, including bobwhite. 
Pinus torreyana Carr. Torrey pine. 
Range: 5. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Cone; mature in August of the third season, some seed shed in 
September, the rest remaining in the cone for several years. 
A small to large evergreen tree; five-needled; often low, crooked, and sprawl- 
ing in exposed situations; apparently intolerant of shade; wood of no impor- 
tance commercially because scarce; slow growing; 657 seeds per pound, prolific 
annual seeder; the rarest and with the most restricted range of any American 
pine. 
Pinus tuberculata, see Pinus attenuata. 
