NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 291 
Observations: Acorns relished by deer and bear. Poor to fair browse for 
livestock, but acorns relished. 
Quercus schneckii, see Quercus shumardii. 
Quercus shumardii Buckl. Shumard red oak. 
Q. texana Sarg. 
Range: 16, 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist. 
Fruit: Acorn; biennial, available in October. 
A very large tree; occurs on limestone and other soils; root system shallow ; 
free from insects and diseases; wood of value commercially. 
Var. schneckii (Britt.) Sarg., (Q. schneckii Britt.), the Schneck red oak, oc- 
curs alSo in region 17. 
Quercus sinuata, see Quercus durandii. 
Quercus stellata Wang. Post oak. 
Q. minor (Marsh.) Sarg. 
Range: 19, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn; annual, available September—October. 
A large tree; commonly occurs in poor soil such as sand and gravel; root 
system deep; slow growing; long-lived; tolerant of shade only when young; 
fruit produced abundantly every 2 or 3 years; wood durable, difficult to season, 
much used commercially ; 35-686 seeds per pound. 
Stomach records: Wild turkey. Observations: A preferred food of wild tur- 
key ; white-tailed deer. 
Quercus submolis Rydb. 
Q. utahensis submollis (Rydb.) Sarg. 
Range: 9, 10, 11, 13, 14. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, annual. 
A large shrub to small tree. 
Quercus subturbinella Trel. 
Range: 11, 14. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, annual. 
A large shrub to small tree. 
Quercus texana Buckl. Texas red oak. 
Range: 11, 16, 17, 20, 29. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, biennial. 
A small to large tree; occurs on limestone and other soils. Var. stellapila 
Sarg., occurs within the range of the species; by some it is considered specifi- 
cally distinct. 
Quercus texana, see Quercus shumardii. 
Quercus tomentella Engelm. Island live oak 
Range: 5. ; 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, biennial. 
A large evergreen tree; moderately long-lived; occurs in gravelly and other 
soils. Possibly only a variety of Q. chrypolepis. 
Quercus toumeyi Sarg. 
age Toumey oak, 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, annual. 
A large shrub to large tree; more or less evergreen. 
Quercus turbinella, see Quercus dumosa. 
Quercus undulata Torr. Rocky Mountain shin oak. 
Q. vaseyana Rydb., Q. vaseyana Buckl., Q. undulata vaseyana Rydb. 
Range: 9, 11, 13, 14, 16) 17, 20: 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Acorn, annual. 
