968 MISC. PUBLICATION 308, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake. (pl. 41, A). Snowberry. 
S. racemosus Michx., S. mollis Nutt., S. acutus (Gray) Howell, S. albus 
mollis (Nutt.) Keck. 
Range? 1-2.-3, 4,5, .6,-0,.S,09) oO, leis, 145 1b ss 2b 2a ee, 
26, 27, 28. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available year round. 
A small, thicket-forming shrub; flowers June-September; occurs on limestone 
and other soils; declined branches root; killed by excessive grazing; 72,000- 
95,000 seeds per pound. 
Var. laevigatus (Fern.) Blake, is taller, has larger leaves, larger clusters of 
fruit, and larger fruit than the species. It occurs within the range of the 
species. Var. pauciflorus Blake, (S. paucifiorus Britt.), is a dwarf occurring 
within the range of the species. 
Stomach records: Nineteen species of birds, including ruffed grouse, Cali- 
fornia quail, ring-necked pheasant, Hungarian partridge, sharp-tailed grouse, 
and Richardson’s grouse; plains white-tailed deer. Observations: Hungarian 
partridge, sharp-tailed grouse, prairie sharp-tailed grouse, ring-necked pheasant, 
bobwhite; of slight importance as browse for mule deer. A very important 
browse for livestock. 
Symphoricarpos fragrans, see Symphoricarpos longifiorus. 
Symphoricarpos glabratus, see Symphoricarpos oreophilus. 
Symphoricarpos glaucus, see Symphoricarpos rotundifolius. 
Symphoricarpos longifiorus Gray. 
S. fragrans Nels. 
Range: 9, 10, 11, 138. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Berry. 
A small shrub, with somewhat declining branches. 
Symphoricarpos mollis, see Symphoricarpos albus. 
Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. Wolfberry. 
Range: 15, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—January. 
A small shrub; flowers June-July ; commonly reproduces by reotstocks; very 
similar to S. elbus, but generally stouter. 
Stomach records: Five species of birds, including greater prairie chicken. 
Observations: Five species of birds; a fairly important food of ring-necked 
pheasant. An important and nonpoisonous browse for livestock. A good honey 
plant. 
Symphoriecarpos orbiculatus Moench. Coralberry. 
S. vulgaris Michx., S. symphoricarpos (L.) MacM. 
Range: 18,20, 24, 22. 23, 24) 25, 21% 28; 29; 3G: 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—June. 
A small shrub, or very rarely, a large shrub; flowers in July; thicket forming 
by means of stolons which are freely produced; grows on coal-stripped land in 
Illinois; has demonstrated great adaptability to rigorous conditions and high 
value for erosion control of the most barren and sterile soils in the Piedment; 
has been effectively used as living check Gams and water spreaders; commonly 
bears fruit soon after planting; often weedy in pastures; 407,000 seeds per 
pound. 
Stomach records: Nine species of birds, including ruffed grouse, bebwhite, 
sharp-tailed grouse, ring-necked pheasant, greater prairie chicken, and wild 
turkey. Observations: Ring-necked pheasant, white-tailed deer. 
Sympnoricarpos oreephilus Gray. Mountain snowberry. 
S. rotundifolius orecphilus Jones, 8S. glabratus Eastw., S. parishit Rydb. 
Rtanves 42-9.) 10:2 Ss 14 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available August-September. 
A small, stoloniferous shrub; flowers June-July; root system fibrous, gener- 
alized; often trailing or with procumbent branches. 
Stomach records: Black-tailed deer. Observations: Wasatch chipmunk, deer. 
A yaluable forage for livestock, : 
