286 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. 8. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
percent of fruit food of eastern skunk in Michigan. Observations (in addition 
to specific records) : Forty-five species of birds, including Gambel quail, band- 
tailed pigeon, ruffed grouse; ranks seventeenth on the list of quail food plants 
of the Southeast; ring-necked pheasant, Hungarian partridge, pinnated grouse; 
heavily browsed by white-tailed deer; important food of raccoon, gray fox, 
red fox, coyote, cottcntail rabbit, skunk, rock squirrel. 
Vitis acerifolia, see Vitis longit. 
Vitis aestivalis Michx. Summer grape. 
Range: 22. 23 32495) 26, 2oneo. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available August-September, often persistent. 
A vigorous, high-climbing vine; flowers May-June; grows on sand, clay, 
loam, and other soils, but does best on warm, gravelly, well-drained ones; 
roots large, hard, penetrating; fairly resistant to cold and drought; resistant 
to mildew and rot, about 75 percent to Phyllorera; has given rise to numerous 
cultivated forms; about 50 percent of cuttings root. 
Stomach records: Hight species of birds, including ruffed grouse and bob- 
white. Observations: Cardinal, cowbird; a greatly preferred food of wild 
turkey ; white-tailed deer. 
Vitis andersonii, see Vitis vulpina. 
Vitis argentifolia Muns. Blueleaf grape. 
VY. aestivalis bicolor Deam, V. bicolor LeConte, V. caerulea Munson, V. 
lecontiana House. 
Range 332223524 2526520025: 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available September—October, often persistent. 
A vigorous, high-climbing vine; flowers May-June; resistant to very low 
temperatures; somewhat attacked by mildew; grows in sand, sandy clay, and 
other soils; resistant to cold and drought; roots hard, fibrous, large; about 40 
percent of cuttings root although propagation by cuttings is often difficult; 
fruit borne prolifically. 
Stomach records: Ruffed grouse. 
Vitis arizonica Hngelm. Canyon grape. 
Range: 9, 10, 11,.16, 1%. 
Site: Weil-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry; available July-August, often persistent until October. 
A weak, much-branched vine or small to large shrub with abortive tendrils; 
searcely climbing; endures cold and drought well; where grown with excessive 
moisture commonly attacked by mildew and rots; grows better in sandy than 
heavy soils; easily grown from cuttings; apparently formerly cultivated by the 
Pueblo Indians. 
Observations: Haten by numerous birds including Gambel, scaled, and Mearns 
quail; prized food of skunks, foxes, coyotes, bears; much eaten by captive deer. 
Vitis austrina, see Vitis simpsonii. 
Vitis baileyana Muns. Possum grape. 
V. virginiana Muns., not Poir. 
Range: 25, 27, 28, 29. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available August-September. 
A slender, climbing, much-branched vine; roots fleshy, sparingly branched, 
not deep-penetrating; fairly resistant to Phyllowera; commonly occurs on cal- 
cerous Soils. 
Vitis berlandieri Planch. Winter grape. 
Range: 11, 17, 20, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry, available August—October. 
A stecky vine; high climbing in favorable situations; commonly occurs on 
limestone soils; roots hard, little-branched, penetrating deeply; resistant to 
black rot and Phylloxvera; susceptible to mildew; long-lived; will endure cold 
and drought; commonly occurs on calcareous soil; seed germination slow; 
about 40 percent of cuttings root. 
Vitis bicolor, see Vitis argentifolia. 
Vitis boulderensis, see Vitis vulpina. 
