992 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Var. foliosifiora (Michx.) Fern., (Arsenococcus frondosus (Pursh) Small, 
Aolisma foliosifiora Small, Lyonia frondosa Pursh) is commoner southward. 
Observations: Ignored by white-tailed deer in Massachusetts. 
Xolisma lucida (Bartr.) Rehd. Fetter bush. 
Lyonia nitida (Bartr.) Fern., Pieris nitida Benth. and Hook., Desmothamnus 
lucidus (Lam.) Small, Neopieris nitida (Bartr.) Britt. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large evergreen shrub; fiowers April—May. 
Xolisma mariana (L.) Rehd. Staggerbush. 
Lyonia mariana (L.) Don., Neopieris mariana (L.) Britt., Pieris mariana 
(L.) Benth. and Hook. 
Range: 20, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, moist. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small shrub; flowers May—July; occurs in sandy soil. Foliage said to be 
poisonous to lambs and calves. 
Xylococeus bicolor, see Arctostaphylos bicolor. 
Xylosteon ciliatum, see Lonicera canadensis. 
Xylosteon conjugiale, see Lonicera conjugialis. 
Xylosteon involucrata, see Lonicera involucrata. 
Xylosteon utahensis, see Lonicera utahensis. 
Xylosteon villosum, see Lonicera viilosa. 
Xylosteon oblongifolia, see Lonicera obiongifolia. 
Xylothermia montana, see Pickeringia montana. 
Yucca spp. (pl. 44). 
Generally slow-growing, simple-stemmed, treelike species often with very 
long roots; commonly occur in dry, sterile soils; stems commonly grow to 
keep pace with shifting sands; trunks occasionally used in construction; pol- 
lination rarely occurs unless a small white moth gathers the pollen and pushes 
it into the stigmatic tube, the larvae feeding exclusively on maturing seeds 
of the plant. Propagation is by seed, offsets, stems, or rhizome cuttings. 
Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Band-tailed pigeon; wild 
turkey. Observations (in addition to specific records) : Bacecate fruit commonly 
eaten by birds and mammals; jack rabbit, rusty antelope squirrel, gray-tailed 
antelope squirrel, black-backed rock squirrel, mexican mule deer. Nearly all 
species are eaten by livestock if the tender parts are within reach. Some 
are of importance as honey plants. 
Zanthoxylum, see Xanthoxrylum. 
Zenobia cassinefolia (Vent.) Poll. 
Andromeda cassinefolia Vent. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large shrub. 
Zenobia pulverulenta (Partr.) Poll. Zenobia. 
Andromeda pulwerulenta Bartr. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large shrub; occurs on sandy and other soils. 
Zizyphus lycioides, see Condalia lycioides. 
Zizyphus obtusifolia, see Condalia obtusifolia. 
Zizyphus parryi, see Condalia parryi. 
Zygia brevifolia, see Pithecolobium brevifolium. 
Zygia flexicaulis, see Pithecoiobium flericaule. 
