NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 
45 
Albizzia julubrissin Duraz. Silktree. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Legume, available September-November. 
A large tree introduced from Asia and Africa ; 11,000 seeds per pound, 3,000 
usable plants per pound of seed. 
Alhag'i camelorum Fiscli. Camelthorn. 
Range: 10, 11. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Legume, available August-September. 
A small, spiny shrub naturalized from Asia Minor ; rapid growing ; aggressive 
and thicket forming; root system deep and extensive; eradication operations 
for this species have been in progress. 
Allenrolfea occidentalis (¥/ats.) Kuntze. Inkweed. 
Spirostachys occidentalis Wats. 
Range: 8, 9, 10, 11, 16. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Aclienelike. 
A small to large, succulent, almost leafless shrub, usually confined to and an 
indicator of alkaline soil. Sparingly eaten by livestock. 
Alnus spp. Alders. 
Generally rapid growing ; commonly occurring in neutral soil ; wood durable 
in water; nitrogen-fixing bacteria form nodules on the roots of alder in some- 
what the same manner as on the legumes; propagated by seeds sown in fall 
or spring; or in the shrubby species, by hard-wood cuttings and layers. 
Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : 20 species of birds, includ- 
ing sharp-tailed grouse, ruffed grouse, bobwhite, woodcock, and ptarmigan. 
Composed 2.5 percent of the food of northern sharp-tailed grouse in winter in 
Quebec and Ontario; Illinois skunk, opossum. Observations (in addition to 
specific records) : Sixteen species of birds; an emergency food of prairie sharp- 
tailed grouse, northern sharp-tailed grouse; snov/shoe hare. Pacific mountain 
beaver, brown mountain beaver, porcupine, Olympic wapiti ; beaver, where 
Populus is lacking ; moose, white-tailed deer. Palatability to livestock not high 
but considered an important secondary forage, especially for cattle. A source 
of pollen for bees. 
Alnus alnobetula, see Alnus crispa. 
Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh. Green alder. 
A. alnol)etula of Amer. auth., not Koch. 
Range: 26, 27. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit; Nutlet, borne in a cone. 
A large shrub with somewhat decumbent branches. 
Var. mollis (Fern.) Rehd., {A. mollis Fern.) is a small tree occurring in 
regions 23, 24, 26, and 27. 
Olservations: Redpoll; an important summer browse of moose on Isle Royale, 
Alnus fruticosa, see Alnus sinuata. 
Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. European black alder. 
A. vulgaris Hill, A. rotundifolia Mill. 
Range: 26, 27. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit : Nutlet, borne in a cone. 
A small tree introduced from Europe, with many varieties known in cultiva- 
tion ; about 10,000 usable plants per pound of seed. 
Observations: Much eaten by ruffed grouse in New York. 
Alnus incana (L.) Moench. Speckled alder. 
Range : 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit : Nutlet, borne in a cone, available August-September. 
A large shrub to small tree with very thick and dense foliage ; rapid growing ; 
thicket forming ; a naturally occurring stream-bank protector ; 256,000-625,000 
seeds per pound, about 10,000 usable plants per pound of seed ; easily trans- 
planted. 
