52 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Artemisia arbuscula Nutt. Scabland sagebrush. 
A. tridentata arhuscula (Nutt,) Hall and Clem. 
Range : 4, 7, 8, 9, 12. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small, much-branched, stiff, straggling shrub; seed germination about 40 
percent. 
Odservations: Of slight value as forage for mule deer. Locally of some 
value as forage for livestock. 
Artemisia bigelovii Gray. Flat sagebrush. 
A. pefropJiila Woot. and Standi. 
Range: 9, 10, 11, 16. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit : Achene. 
A small, many-stemmed, spreading shrub considered more palatable to stock 
than the common sagebrush; very good spring browse, especially for sheep. 
Artemisia bolanderi Gray, 
A. tridentata 'bolanderi (Gray) Hall and Clem. 
Range : 4. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small, much-branched, leafy-twigged shrub. Browse value about the same 
as that of A. tridentata. 
Artemisia californica Less. Coastal sagebrush. 
A. fischeriana Bess., A. atrotanoides Nutt., Crossostephium calif omicum 
Rydb., C. foliostim Rydb., C. insiilare Rydb. 
Range: 5, 10. 
Site : Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small to large, many-stemmed, xerophytic shrub ; freely branched ; a climax 
or subclimax dominant; casts very little shade; inflammable; browsed only 
by sheep and goats in times of scarcity. 
Artemisia cana Pursh. Silver sagebrush. 
A. colunibiana Nutt., A. viscidula (Osterh.) Rydb. 
Range : 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 19, 21. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small or rarely large shrub; freely branched; found on plains and lower 
mountains ; generally occurs on north and sheltered sides of hills ; requires 
more water than A. tridentata. 
Stomach records: One species of bird. Observations: Important food of 
sage grouse. A very important local browse for livestock. 
Artemisia columbiana, see Artemisia cana. 
Artemisia filifolia Torr. Sand sagebrush. 
Range : 9, 11, 15, 16. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit : Achene. 
A small, freely-branched shrub ; occurs only on sandy soil ; experiments in 
New Mexico in range seeding with this species were unsuccessful ; fruiting heads 
often transformed into galls; a sand indicator, changes in its abundance indi- 
cating the amounts of sand in the soil; germination of seed 40-50 percent. 
Palatable to livestock and locally used as forage but seldom browsed in grass- 
land districts. 
Artemisia fischeriana, see Artemisia californica. 
Artemisia frigida Willd. Estafiata. 
Range : 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23. 
Site : Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small shrub often only woody at the base or even entirely herbaceous; 
stems decumbent at base ; a mat-forming species, especially when not shrubby ; 
