1^2 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Praxinus papillosa, see Fraxinus velutina. 
Traxinus pauciflora Nutt. Water ash. 
F. fioridana Sarg. 
Range : 29, 30, 31. 
Site: Moist, sun. 
Fruit: Samara. 
A large dioecious tree ; flowers in March ; more abundant southward. 
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Bed ash, 
F. darlinfftonii Britt., F. smallii Britt, 
Range : 15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29; SO. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Samara, available September-October. 
A large dioecious tree; flowers April-May; root system shallow; fairly im- 
mune from insects and fungus diseases ; easily injured by fire ; rapid growing 
when young,, later slower ; coppice does not develop into large trees ; wood used 
commercially ; 11,000 seeds per pound, germination 50 percent. Between this 
and its varieties occur many intergrading forms. 
Var. lanceolata Sarg., the green ash (F. viridis Michx. f., F. lanceolatcv 
Borkh.) will grow in much drier situations than the species and occurs in 
regions 12 and 17 in addition to the areas noted for the species; root system 
shallow, widespreading ; rapid growing when young, later slower ; grows on coal- 
stripped lands in Illinois ; not short-lived ; generally free from insects and dis- 
eases; easily injured by fire; 16,000-17,000 seeds per pound, germination about 
85 percent, about 3,000i usable plants per pound of seed. Also considered a sepa- 
rate species and rather distinct in the East but much less so westward. 
Observations: Three species of birds; white-tailed deer, cottontail rabbit, 
snowshoe hare. 
Fraxinus plstaciaefolia, see Fraxinus velutina. 
Fraxinus platycarpa, see Fraxinus carolvniana. 
Fraxinus profunda Bush. Pumpkin ash. 
F. americana profunda Britt. 
Range: 25, 27, 20, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Samara, available September-October. 
A large dioecious tree ; flowers April-May ; leaves very large. 
Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue ash. 
Range : 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Samara, available June-October. 
A large, perfect or dioecious tree ; flowers March-April ; occurs on limestone 
and other soils ; root system shallow, spreading ; grows on drier soils than any 
other of the ashes in their native habitats ; rapid growing, rather short-lived ; 
wood most durable of all ashes, used commercially ; 7,000 seeds per pound. 
Fraxinus sambucifolia, see Fraxinus nigra. 
Fraxinus smallii, see Fraxinus pennsylvanica. 
Fraxinus standleyi, see Fraxinus velutina. 
Fraxinus texensis (Gray) Sarg. Texas ash. 
F. americana texensis Gray. 
Range: 16, 17, 20, 25. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Samara. 
A large dioecious tree ; flowers in March ; often occurs on limestone soil. 
Fraxinus toumeyi, see Fraxinus velutina. 
Fraxinus velutina Torr. Velvet ash. 
F. pistaciaefolia Torr., F. glahra Thornb., F. velutina glahra (Thornb.)^ 
Rehd., F. papillosa Lingels., F. standleyi Rehder., F. standleyi lasia 
Rehder. 
Range : 9, 10', 11, 14, 16, 17, 20. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Samara, available in September. 
