244 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Sabina pachyphloea, see Juniperus pacJiyphloea, 
Sabina pinchotii, see Juniperus pinchotii. 
Sabina sabinoides, see Juniperus mexicana. 
Sabina scopulorum, see Juniperus scopiilorum. 
Sabina utahensis, see Juniperus ntahensis. 
Sabina virginiana, see Juniperus virgiyiiana. 
Saccharodendron barbatum, see Acer saccliarurn. 
Saccharodendron floridanum, see Acer floridanum. 
Saccharodendron leucoderme, see Acer leucoderme. 
Saccharodendron nigrum, see Acer nigrum. 
Sageretia minutiflora (Michx.) Trel. Buckthorn. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit : Drupe. 
A small or large, trailing or straggling shrub, or occasionally a vine; spines- 
cent ; flowers April-May ; commonly occurs on calcareous soil. 
Sageretia wrightii Wats. 
Range: 10, U. 
Site : Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Drupe. 
A small to large, spiny shrub. Without forage value for livestock as far as 
known. 
Salazaria mexicana Torr. Eladder-sage. 
Range : 9, 10. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Nutlet. 
A small or rarely a large shrub ; intricately branched and spinescent. 
Salis spp. Willows. 
The willows are generally rapid growing; tolerant of moisture; adaptable 
to a great variety of soils and situations; gregarious because of the ease with 
which they grow from suckers and their vitality and free formation of shoots 
and seeds ; most willows commonly produce root shoots and shoot roots ; 
generally intolerant of shade and hence usually replaced by other trees in 
forests ; relatively short-lived ; seed vitality transient ; often much wind- 
damaged ; many of the species are very difficult of separation. 
Attention should be called to the willow scab. This disease, caused by the 
attacks of two fungi {Fusicladium saliciperdium and Physalospora miya'beana) , 
occurs through most of New England and in New York and Pennsylvania. It 
has recently been found in the mountains of North Carolina. Willows of the 
Salix aWa, 8. nigra, and 8. cordala types seem most susceptible. In the sus- 
ceptible region at least, willovrs used for extensive planting should be grown 
from cuttings taken from resistant trees. 
Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Twenty-three species of 
birds, including ptarmigan, ruffed grouse, dusky grouse, California quail, sharp- 
tailed grouse, and Richardson's grouse; composed 3.9 percent of winter food 
of northern sharp-tailed grouse in Ontario and Quebec ; mountain sheep, moose, 
northern white-tailed deer, brush rabbit, grizzly, plains white-tailed deer, black- 
tailed deer. Ohservatioiis (in addition to specific records) : Thirteen species of 
birds, mostly upland game birds, as ptarmigan, ruffed grouse, Gambel quail, 
sharp-tailed grouse ; willow, rock and white-tailed ptarmigan ; staple winter 
food of prairie sharp-tailed grouse in Wisconsin; emergency food of greater 
prairie chicken in Wisconsin and Iowa ; somewhat eaten by muskrats in times 
of scarcity ; much eaten by beaver ; much eaten in the spring by rock squirrels 
in the Southeast ; principal food of golden beaver ; important food of snowshoe 
rabbits in northern Minnesota ; Olympic wapiti ; important food of moose ; 
porcupine, Columbian black-tailed deer ; important food of Pacific coast beaver, 
Shasta beaver and brown mountain beaver ; Rocky Mountain snowshoe rabbit, 
broad-tailed beaver, Rio Grande beaver, bighorn. 
The majority of species have value as browse for livestock. 
