NATIVE WOODX PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 
257 
Sambucus microbotrys Rydb. Bunchberry elder. 
Range: 9, 13, 14, 15 (Black Hills). 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit : Berry, available July-September. 
A small shrub or rarely a large shrub ; flowers May-July. 
Stomach records: Richardson's grouse. Observations: Dusky grouse. Ex- 
tensively browsed in summer, even more in the fall, by livestock. 
Sambucus neomexinana, see Samhucus caerulea. 
Sambueus pubens MicUx. Red elder. 
/S. racemosa of auths., not L. 
Range: 15 (Black Hills), 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Berry, available June-November, sometimes persistent until 
January. 
A large shrub ; flowers April-May ; 48,300 seeds per pound. Records of 
this species on the West Coast probably refer to (S. callicarpa (q. v.). 
Stomach records: Twenty-three species of birds, including ruffed grouse, bob- 
white, and ring-necked pheasant. Observations: Moose, red squirrel, white-tailed 
deer. 
Sambucus racemosa, see Sambuous pubens. 
Sambucus simpsonii Rehd. Southern elder. 
Range : 29, 30, 31. 
Site: Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Berry. 
A large shrub to small tree ; flowers throughout the year ; forms vast thickets. 
Sambucus velutina, see Sambucus caerulea. 
Sambucus vestita, see Sambucus caerulea. 
Sanviniona assurgentiflora, see Lavatera assurgentifolia. 
Sapindus drummondii Hook, and Arn, Western soapberry. 
Range : 11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 25, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Berry ; available September-October, commonly persistent until 
spring. 
A large shrub or small to large tree with dense foliage ; flowers May- June ; 
occurs on clay, limestone and other soils; wood used to some extent commer- 
cially; 1,500-1,700 seeds per pound; contains large quantities of saponin, a 
severe poison whi-ch is objectionable to the taste. Not browsed by livestock. 
Sapindus manatensis, see Sapindus marginatus. 
Sapindus marginatus Willd. Florida soapberry. 
S. manatensis Radek. 
Range: 29, 30. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Berry ; available in October. 
A small to large tree ; flowers in May ; commonly occurs in sand. 
Sapium biloculare (Wats.) Pax. 
S. bilocularis amplum Johnst., Sebastiania bilocularis Wats. 
Range: 10. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub to small tree ; a fish poison ; produces jumping beans. 
Sarcobatus baileyi Gov. 
Range: 10. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small shrab. 
Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. Greasewood. 
Range : 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15. 
Site: Dry, sun. 
Fruit: Achene. 
A small to large, spiny shrub ; occurs in alkaline soil, withstanding a hydrogen- 
ion concentration to pH 8.0. 
