NATIVE Vv'OODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 
263 
house red spider mite. For tliis reason the species should be used with con- 
siderable caution. 
Stomach records: Eight species of birds, including ruffed grouse, bobwhite, 
and ring-necked pheasant; composed 0.3 percent of total annual food, and 3.9 
percent of fruit food of ring-necked pheasant in Michigan. Observations: Red- 
eyed vireo ; an important food of pheasants in southern Michigan ; black duck, 
white-tailed deer, cottontail rabbit. 
Sophora aiSnis Torr. and Gray. Coralbean. 
Range : 10, 16, 20, 25, 29. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Legume ; available September-October, persistent through the 
w^inter. 
A large shrub to small tree ; flowers in June ; occurs in limestone and other 
soils. 
Sophora arizonica Wats. 
Range : 10, 11. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit : Legume, available in May. 
A large, handsome, shrub ; flowers in March. 
Sophora secundiflora (Cav.) DC. Frigolito. 
Broussonetia secundiflora Orteg. 
Range: 11, 16, 17, 20, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Legume, available in September. 
A large shrub, or rarely a small to large tree ; evergreen ; often occurs on 
limestone soil ; seeds contain sophorin and are extremely poisonous ; thicket 
forming ; propagation is by seeds sown at once ; growth of seedlings very slow. 
Poisonous to livestock as well as human beings. 
Sophora tomentosa L. 
Range: 17, 32. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Legume. 
A small to large, evergreen shrub ; flowers the year round ; commonly occurs 
in sandy soils. 
Sorbus spp. Mountain-ashes. 
Propagation of all species is by seeds stratified 90 days at 32°-41° F. and sown 
in spring. 
Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Nine species of birds, in- 
cluding ruffed, sooty, and sharp-tailed grouse. Observations (in addition to 
specific records) : Eleven species of birds, including ruffed grouse, ring-necked 
pheasant, sharp-tailed grouse ; a favorite food of moose. 
Sorbus americana Marsh. American mountain-ash. 
Pyrus americana (Marsh) DC, P. sambucifolia of auths., not Cham, and 
Schlecht. 
Range : 23, 24, 26, 27. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Pome, available August-March. 
A small to large tree ; flowers May-June ; fruit commonly bearing very few 
seeds; very susceptible to San Jose scale; 88,000-100,000 seeds per pound. 
Var. decora (Schneid.) Sarg. {Pyrus sitchensis of Gray's Man., not Piper, 
S. decora Schneid. ) , occurs in regions 24 and 27. 
Stomach records: Eight species of birds including ruffed grouse, ptarmigan, 
and sharx)-tailed grouse; composed 17.9 percent of winter food of sharp-tailed 
grouse in Ontario and Quebec. Observations: Thirteen species of birds; pre- 
ferred winter food of ruffed gi'ouse in Wisconsin; blue grouse; fruits claimed 
preferred by birds to that of S. aucuparia when the two species are available 
together ; white-tailed deer ; of importance as browse for moose ; much eaten by 
fisher ; a staple food of marten. 
Sorbus angustifolia, see Sorbus sitchensis. 
Sorbus aucuparia L. European mountain-ash. 
Range : 21, 22, 27. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit : Pome, available August-September. 
