286 MISC. PUBLICATIOX 303. U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
percent of friiit food of eastern skunk in Michigan. Odserrations (in addition 
to specific records) : Forty-five species of birds, including Gambel quail, band- 
tailed pigeon, ruffed grouse ; ranks seventeenth on the list of quail food plants 
of the Southeast ; ring-necked pheasant, Hungarian partridge, pinnated grouse ; 
heavily browsed by vrhite-tailed deer ; important food of raccoon, gray fox, 
red fox, coyote, cottontail rabbit, skunk, rock squirrel. 
Vitis aceiifoiia, see Titls longii. 
Vitis aestivalis Michs. Stiiniiier grape. 
Range : 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Berry, available August-September, often persistent. 
A vigorous, high-climbing vine; flowers May-June; grows on sand, clay, 
loam, and other soils, but does best on warm, gravelly, well-drained ones; 
roots large, hard, penetrating ; fairly resistant to cold and drought ; resistant 
to mildew and rot, about 75 percent to PliijUoxera : has given rise to numerous 
cultivated forms ; about 50 percent of cuttings root. 
Stomacli records: Eight species of birds, including ruffed grouse and bob- 
white. Observations: Cardinal, cowbird ; a greatly preferred food of wild 
turkey ; white-tailed deer. 
Vitis andersonii, see Titis vuJpina. 
Vitis argentifolia Muns. Blueleaf grape. 
F. aestivalis licoJor Deam, F. licolor LeConte, F. caerulea Munson, F. 
lecontlana House. 
Range : 22. 23. 24. 25. 26, 27. 2S. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, stm. shade. 
Fruit : Berry, available September-October, often persistent. 
A vigorous, high-climbing vine ; flowers May-June ; resistant to very low 
temperatures ; somewhat attacked by mildew ; grows in sand, sandy clay, and 
other soils; resistant to cold and drought; roots hard, fibrous, large; about 40 
percent of cuttings root although propagation by cuttings is often difficult ; 
fruit borne proliflcally. 
StOinacJi records: Ruffed grouse. 
Yitis arizonica Engelm. Canyon grape. 
Range: 9, 10, 11. 16, 17. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit : Berry ; available July-August, often persistent until October. 
A weak, much-branched vine or small to large shrub with abortive tendrils ; 
scarcely climbing ; endures cold and drought well ; where grown with excessive 
moisture commonly attacked by mildew and rots ; grows better in sandy than 
heavy soils ; easily grown from cuttings ; apparently formerly cultivated by the 
Pueblo Indians. 
Ooservations: Eaten by numerous birds including Gambel, scaled, and Mearns 
quail ; prized food of skunks, foxes, coyotes, bears ; much eaten by captive deer. 
Vitis austrina, see Vitis sirnpsonii. 
Vitis baileyana Muns. Possum grape. 
F. virgin iana Muns., not Poir. 
Range : 25, 27, 28. 29. 
Site : Well-drained, stm. 
Fruit : Berry, available August-September. 
A slender, climbing, much-branched vine ; roots fleshy, sparingly branched, 
not deep-penetrating; fairly resistant to PhyUoxera ; commonly occurs on cal- 
cerous soils. 
Vitis Lerlandieri Planch. Winter grape. 
Range: 11, 17. 20, SO. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sim. 
Fruit : Berry, available August-October. 
A stocky vine ; high climbmg in favorable situations ; commonly occurs on 
limestone soils : roots hard, little-branched, penetrating deeply : resistant to 
black rot and Ph i/Uoxcm ; susceptible to mildew; long-lived; will endure cold 
and drought; commonly occurs on calcareous soil; seed germination slow; 
about 40 percent of cuttings root. 
Vitis bicolor, see Titis argentifo-ia. 
Vitis boulderensis, see Vitis vuJpina. 
