NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 
291 
Wisteria maerostacliya Torr. and Gray. Kentucky wisteria. 
Kraunhia macrostachya (Torr. and Gray) Small. 
Range : 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Legume; available in October, often persistent until March. 
A robust and vigorous vine ; flowers May-July. 
Wisteria speciosa, see Wisteria frutescens. 
Xanthorhiza apiifolia, see Xanthorhiza simpUcissima, 
Xaiithorhiza simplicissirna Marsh. YellowrooL 
X. apiifolia L'Her. 
Range : 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Follicle. 
A small creeping and rooting shrub ; flowers April-May ; free from insects 
and diseases ; may form a dense ground cover. 
Xanthoxylum spp. 
Observations (in addition to specific records) : Extensively used by kingbird. 
Xanthoxylum americanum Mill. Northern prickly-ash. 
Range : 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry (rare), well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Follicle. 
A large shrub to small tree ; flowers April-May ; spiny. 
Stomach records: Red-eyed vireo, bobwhite. Observations: Important food 
of pheasants in southern Michigan; cottontail rabbit; eastern chipmunk. 
Xanthoxylum clava-herculis L. Hercules-cluh. 
Fagara clava-herculis (L.) Small. 
Range : 20, 22, 25, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 
Fruit: Follicle, available May-June. 
A large shrub to small tree ; thorny ; occurs in sandy or gravelly soils. 
Xanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg. Wild lime, 
X. pterota H. B. K., Schinus fagara L., Fagara pterota L., F. fagara Small. 
Range: 11, 17, 32. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Follicle, available March-September. 
A large shrub to large tree ; evergreen, thorny, and dioecious ; shrubby west- 
ward. 
Observations: Cottontail rabbit. 
Xanthoxylum texanum, see Amyris texana. 
Xerocassia armata, see Cassia armata. 
Xolisma ferruginea (Walt.) Heller. 
Lyonia rigida Nutt. 
Range : 29, 30. 
Site : Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub to small tree, or very rarely a large tree; evergreen; widely- 
branched; occurs in sandy and other soils; flowers February-April. 
Xolisma f oliosiflora, see Xolisma Ugustrina. 
Xolisma frutieosa (Michx.) Nash. 
Lyonia ferruginea Nutt. 
Range : 29, 30. 
Site: Well-drained, sun. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A small to large evergreen shrub. 
Xolisma ligustrina (L.) Britt. Maleberry. 
Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DO., Arsenococcus ligustrinus (L.) Small, Andromeda 
ligustrina Muhl. 
Range : 27, 28, 29, 30. 
Site: Moist, sun, shade. 
Fruit: Capsule. 
A large shrub ; flowers May-July. 
