Phialea granigena was conspecific with G. temulenta 

 and therefore represented an older name of the fungus. 

 Alderman (1997) recognized G. temulenta and G. 

 granigena as separate species, based on host range 

 and morphological differences. Bronuis erectus is not 

 believed to be a host for G. temulenta (Hardison 1962, 

 Alderman 1997). Little is known about G. granigena. 

 Additional studies concerning species identity and 

 their associated host range in the genus Gloeotinia are 

 needed. Unfortunately, specimens of Gloeotinia from 

 outside areas of commercial seed production are very 

 rare in nature. 



Two other species of Gloeotinia from Germany have 

 been described: G. aschersoniana (P.C. Hennings and 

 T. Ploettner) H.O. Baral on Care.x and G. juncorum (J. 

 Velenovsky) H.O. Baral on Juneus (Baral and 

 Krieglsteiner 1985). Nothing is known of the life 

 history of these species. 



Synonymy 



Teleomorph: 



Gloeotinia temulenta Prill. & Delacr. (Wilson et al. 



1954) 

 Phialea temulenta Prill. & Delacr. (Prillieux and 



Delacroix 1892b) 

 Peziza (Phialea) temulenta Prill. & Delacr. (Prillieux 



and Delacroix 1892a) 

 Ciboria (Stromatinia) temulenta Prill. & Delacr. 



(Prillieux and Delacroix 1893) 

 Stromatinia temulenta Prill. & Delacr. (Prillieux 



1897) 

 Sclerotinia secalincola Rehm (Rehm 1900) 

 Sclerotinia temulenta (Prill, and Delacr.) Rehm 



(Hohnel 1903) 

 Stromatinia secalincola (Rehm) Boudier (Boudier 



1907) 

 Phialea mucosa Gray (Gray 1942) 

 Gloeotinia granigena (Q.) Schumacher for hosts other 



than Bromus (Alderman 1997) 



Anamorph: 



Endoconidium temulentum Prill, and Delacr. (Prillieux 

 and Delacroix 1891) 



Technical Description 



Stroma. Infection of the grass caryopsis results in the 

 mummification of the caryopsis, creating a substratal 

 stroma (Spooner 1987, Williams and Spooner 1991 ). 

 Hyphae, 3-4 urn wide, ramify throughout the peri- 

 carp, teste, and endosperm and are not differentiated 

 into rind and medullary parenchyma (Gray 1942, 



Wilson et al. 1945). A true sclerotium does not 

 develop, although the infected seed functions similarly 

 to a sclerotium as a means of survival through the 

 winter. 



Sporodochia. In late winter or early spring, pinkish, 

 pulvinate, gelatinous sporodochia form either on the 

 surface of the pales or between the pales and caryopsis 

 (Neill and Hyde 1939, Gray 1942, Calvert and 

 Muskett 1945, Griffiths 1959b). They are 0.4-1 3 

 0.5-1.5 mm in size (Prillieux 1897, Neill and Hyde 

 1939, Gray 1942, Calvert and Muskett 1945). 

 Sporodochia consist of a core of closely septate, 

 branching hyphae (Neill and Hyde 1939, Griffiths 

 1959b) with the terminal cells of each branch bearing 

 1-4 microconidiophores (Gray 1942, Griffiths 1959b). 



Microconidiophores and microconidia (spermatia). 



Microconidiophores are 2-5 urn in diameter and 5-9 

 urn long, septate, guttulate, hyaline, and penicillate 

 (branched 2 or 3 times) (Neill and Hyde 1939, Gray 

 1942, Griffiths 1959b). Microconidia are first formed 

 by a constriction below the apex of the microconidi- 

 ophore. The rest bud off in succession inside a tube 

 formed by the terminal portion of the microconidi- 

 ophore (Prillieux and Delacroix 1892b; Neill and 

 Hyde 1939; Gray 1942; Wilson et al. 1945, 1954; 

 Griffiths 1959b). 



Microconidia are unicellular, uninucleate, ovoid, 

 guttulate or biguttulate, hyaline, 1.8-3.0 3 2.3-6.0 

 urn (Gray 1942, Calvert and Muskett 1945, Griffiths 

 1959b). In microconidial germination, a terminal germ 

 tube forms; or if a transverse septum forms, a terminal 

 or lateral germ tube will be produced (Griffiths 

 1959b). 



Macroconidiophores and macroconidia. 



Macroconidiophores are short barrel-shaped cells, 

 2-3 urn wide and 5-15 um long, that arise laterally 

 on the hyphae (Neill and Hyde 1939, Griffiths 1959b). 

 Macroconidia are budded from the apex of the 

 macroconidiophores (Griffiths 1959b) (figure 1) and 

 arrange in clusters perpendicular to the hypha (Calvert 

 and Muskett 1945, Wilson et al. 1945). Up to 30 

 macroconidia develop per conidiophore (Wilson et al. 

 1945). 



Macroconidia are smooth, unicellular, uninucleate, 

 hyaline, cylindrical to slightly cresentric with rounded 

 ends, and usually biguttulate (figure 2) (Gray 1942; 

 Calvert and Muskett 1945; Wilson et al. 1945. 1954; 

 Spooner 1987). They are 2.5-6 3 1 1-21 um in size. 



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