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From about the 1880's and into the 1920's, very large areas of timberland were harvested in the South. 

 Because much of this land was used for crops and pasture, and uncontrolled fires burned on large 

 areas each year, only a part of the cutover land came back to forest. Some did. however, and this 

 became the South's second forest — the forest that supplied the wood for the expansion of the pulp 

 and paper industry that began in the 1930's. In time, the South's third forest also developed — the one 

 that will supply the timber for the forest industries in the South until around 2000. 



Programs concerned with protection, technical and financial assistance, research, education, and the 

 management of private and public lands expanded, sometimes rapidly from the 1940's through the 

 1970's. This, and the availability of large areas of idle cropland and pasture, led to the regeneration 

 and growth of the South's third forest, one of forestry's greatest achievements. Fire protection was 

 especially effective and necessary for the natural regeneration of cutover and idle croplands and 

 pasture. 



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