8. Head 114 times as long as broad; length 4.6 to 4.9 mm. 
Reticulitermes arenicola 
Head 124 times as long as broad; length 6 to 7 mm. 
Reticulitermes flavipes 
Head 134, times as long as broad 
Reticulitermes hageni 
Head twice as long as broad ......... Reticulitermes virginicus 
9. Head cleft and bilobed in front; front of head blackish 
Calcaritermes nearcticus 
Head not cleft or bilobed in front; front of head blackish 
tor dark castaneous: behind’ :22.20. 4 ee A) 
10. Anterior of head tuberculate 00.0000... Crytotermes brevis 
Anterior of head not tuberculate 
Cryptotermes cavifrons 
Subterranean Termites 
Subterranean termites belong to the family Rhinotermitidae. 
Because these termites all require a constant supply of moisture, 
their colonies are found either entirely or partly in the ground. 
They may, however, feed in wood located some distance from the 
ground, but they always maintain connection with the ground 
unless a continuous supply of water is otherwise available. In 
order to attack wood located away from the ground where a sup- 
ply of water is not otherwise available, they construct covered 
passageways, commonly called shelter tubes (fig. 5A). 
Regardless of the extent of damage they cause to the interior 
of wood (fig. 5B), these termites always leave a covering shell 
intact. Because of this, there usually is no external evidence of 
infestation, even though the interior of the wood may be de- 
stroyed. The first indication of infestation may be the swarming 
F-519932-33 
FIGuRE 5.—Subterranean termite: A, shelter tube on foundation wall; 
B, damage to a 2 x 4 inch pine stake. 
AZ 
