F-519937-8 
FIGURE 14.—Adult and nymph of the white-banded elm leafhopper, 
Scaphoideus luteolus. 
have not been determined, but it is known that the winter is spent 
in the egg stage and that there is only one generation per year. 
Homalodisca coagulata (Say), H. insolita (Wlk.), Oncometopia 
orbona (F.) [= O. undata], Cuerna costalis (F.), and Grapho- 
cephala versuta (Say) transmit the virus causing phony peach, a 
destructive disease of peach trees in the South. 
FAMILY MEMBRACIDAE 
TREEHOPPERS 
Treehoppers are characterized by the prolongation of the pro- 
notum backward and above the abdomen. In some species it not 
only extends backward but also sidewise and upward, and, in some, 
it extends to the tip of the abdomen and completely covers the 
wings. The hind legs are long and adapted for jumping, and the 
female’s ovipositor is long and sawlike. The majority of species 
apparently live on trees, most often in open stands but also in 
woods. Only a few species are of economic importance. Osborn 
(575) discussed the species occurring in Ohio, and Funkhouser 
(276) listed the species occurring in Connecticut. 
The buffalo tree hopper, Stictocephala bubalus (F.), (=Ceresa), 
is occasionally injurious to young trees such as ash and elm. Injury 
results from two opposing slits cut in the bark by the female dur- 
ing the act of oviposition. Eggs are placed in the slit and the 
portion of the stem beyond it often aies. Adults are light green to 
yellowish and about 9 mm. long. The pronotum is sharply ele- 
vated, is widest at the tip, bears two sharply pointed horns which 
extend at right angles to the body, and ends beyond the tip of the 
abdomen in a narrowed acute process. 
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