about 3 to 5 mm. long. The head is black with two yellow spots 
between the eyes; the thorax is black with yellow margins; and 
the wing covers are red with black central spots. 
The twice-stabbed lady beetle, Chilocorus stigma (Say), occurs 
in the Northern States and feeds commonly on the pine needle, 
beech, terrapin, and juniper scales. The adult is shining black and 
about 4 to 5 mm. long. The ventral segments are red, and there is 
a round red spot on the disk of each elytron. 
The convergent lady beetie, Hippodamia convergens Guer. feeds 
on aphids and scales throughout most of the United States. Adults 
are 6 to 8 mm. long. The head is black except for a pale transverse 
center spot; the thorax is black except for pale margins and is 
marked with two discal bars; the elytra are reddish with a black 
scutellar spot and 12 more or less distinct black spots; and the 
venter and legs are black. In some parts of the country this species 
hibernates in clusters of tens of thousands of beetles. 
Hyperaspis congressis Watson is widely distributed in eastern 
United States and is an important enemy of the pine tortoise 
scale. Adults are black, strongly punctate, shining, and about 2.5 
mm. long. There is a rather large, yellowish spot on the middle of 
the elytra, and often a fainter one on their tips. 
Anatis 15-punctata (Oliv.) feeds on a wide variety of forest 
insects, including the larvae of the gypsy moth and cankerworms, 
in eastern United States. Adults are yellowish and about 8 to 10 
mm. long. There are two pale spots enclosed in a black disk on 
the thorax, a single spot on the scutellum, and seven black spots 
on each elytron. 
Coccinella novemnotata Hbst., the nine-spotted ladybird, is a 
common and widely distributed species that feeds on aphids and 
scales on both conifers and hardwoods. Adults are 5 to 7 mm. long. 
The body is pale yellow above and black beneath. Each elytron 
bears four black spots, and there is one black spot on the elytral 
suture. C. transversoguttata Fald. feeds on scale insects infesting 
pines in the more northern States. Adults are reddish, nearly 
hemispherical, and about 6 to 7.5 mm. long. The wing covers may 
be spotless, or each one may be marked with a long, transverse 
subbasal spot, a shorter transverse spot near the middle, and a 
third near the tip. 
Several species of coccinellids have been imported against the 
balsam wooly aphid in recent years. The European species, Aphi- 
decta obliterata (L.), is now firmly established in infested Fraser 
fir stands in North Carolina (6). Eggs are laid on the needles or 
trunks of infested trees, and the larvae and adults feed on all 
stages of the aphid except the first larval instar. Attempts to 
establish it in New Brunswick were unsuccessful (112). Scymnus 
(Pullus) impexus (Muls.), one of the most important enemies of 
the aphid in Central Europe, has been liberated in infested stands 
of balsam fir in New England. The adults and larvae feed on 
second and third instar larvae of the aphid. 
Other important species of native coccinellids include Scymnus 
lacustris LeC., an enemy of the pine tortoise scale in the Lake 
States; Microwesia misella (LeC.), a minute species less than 1 
mm. long that feeds on various species of scale insects; and Cleis 
picta (Rand.), which often occurs in large numbers on pines in- 
fested with the red pine scale in the Northeast. 
123 
