trees. It occurs from Quebec to Michigan in the North, and south- 
westward and southeastward to Iowa and South Carolina. Nico- 
bium castaenum (Oliv.) a European species, is known to occur 
in Virginia, South Carolina, and Louisiana. Certain species of 
Tricorynus (—Catorania) have been found attacking stored pine 
cones in the South; others have been reared from twigs of pine 
and sweet gum. Platybregmus canadensis Fisher attacks maple 
and basswood flooring and elm timbers in buildings. It is known 
to occur in New Jersey and Ohio. 
FAMILY BOSTRICHIDAE 
FALSE POWDER-POST BEETLES 
The family Bostrichidae contains many species, the larvae of 
which bore in wood and cause typical powder-post damage. The 
majority of species breed in the sapwood of hardwoods, but a few 
attack conifers. Some attack freshly cut and partially seasoned 
woods with the bark on; whereas others infest wood that has 
been cut for sometime. Damage consists of circular holes 3 to 9 
mm. in diameter and irregular longitudinal tunnels filled with 
frass or coarse dust. 
Bostrichid beetles are reddish-brown to black and about 3 to 
6 mm. long. They resemble adults of the family Scolytidae but 
differ in having a tuberculate and rasplike pronotum, five-seg- 
mented tarsi, and straight rather than elbowed antennae. The 
antennal club is three- or four-segmented; the thorax is usually 
hood-like and covers the head; and the posterior portion of the 
elytra is frequently tuberculate. The femora and tibia are broad 
and the latter are frequently toothed on one margin (254). 
Xylobiops basilaris (Say) is a common species in the Eastern 
and Southern States. The adult attacks recently felled or dying 
trees, logs, or limbs with the bark on. Hickory, persimmon, and 
pecan are most frequently infested, but several other hardwoods 
also are attacked. Healthy trees growing in close proximity to 
heavily infested trees are occasionally attacked, but almost al- 
ways without success. The adults (fig. 39A) are basically black 
and about 3 to 5 mm. long. The basal part of the elytra is dull 
reddish or yellow and the posterior end is concave, with three 
spines or tubercles on each side. 
The adult bores through the bark and into the sapwood of its 
host. Then it constructs a tunnel across the grain just under the 
wood surface. These tunnels may completely girdle limbs and 
trunks of small diameter. Eggs are deposited at intervals along 
the sides of the tunnel. The larvae feed mostly in the sapwood, 
but also to some extent in the heartwood. Their mines run parallel 
with the grain and are packed with fine, white, powder-like dust 
(fig. 839B). Feeding may continue until the wood is quite dry. As 
a result, adults often emerge after it has been processed. The 
winter is spent mostly as mature larvae. Hickory and persimmon 
wood used in the manufacture of small wood products such as 
shuttle blocks, mallets, and mauls, is occasionally seriously 
damaged. 
134 
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