In 1967, a heavy infestation of the Oriental bostrichid, Hetero- 
bostrychus aequalis (Waterhouse), was discovered in oak and 
mahogany boards in a mill yard in Florida (728). This is the 
most common of the larger bostrichids known to attack packing 
cases, boxes, plywood, and sapwood in furniture in India. It is 
widely distributed in southeast Asia and has been recorded at- 
tacking the wood of more than 85 species of trees. The adult is 
reddish-brown to black, shiny, and from 6 to 13 mm. long. The 
elytra are densely, deeply, and coarsely marked with rows of 
punctures. Eggs are deposited on the rough surfaces of lumber or 
logs, in cracks or holes, and in short tunnels made by the female. 
The larvae, some of which may attain a length of 11 mm., exca- 
vate winding tunnels up to 6 mm. in diameter and one foot in 
length in both hardwood and softwood timber. The life cycle 
requires from 1 to 6 years. 
Stephanopachys rugosus (Oliv.) occurs in eastern United 
States, mainly east of the Mississippi River, and attacks freshly 
cut or recently milled pine. Adults are reddish-brown, have 
roughened and dull, rusty-appearing bodies, and are about 3 mm. 
long. The larvae normally reach maturity in one year, but may 
require up to 5 years in seasoned wood. Infestations are occasion- 
ally found in floor joists with the bark on in recently constructed 
buildings. S. substriatus (Payk.) occurs in most of the Northern 
States. It attacks Douglas-fir, hemlock, and all species of pines 
and firs. Infestations have been reported in furniture and in 
lumber used in buildings. Oak and hemlock tanbark is also subject 
to attack and damage. S. densus (LeC.), S. ertbratus (LeC.), and 
S. hispidulus (Casey) breed in pine. 
The apple twig borer, Amphicerus bicaudatus (Say), breeds in 
dying wood such as large prunings, exposed roots of maple, and 
diseased and dying branches of most shade and fruit trees. It 
occurs throughout most of the eastern half of the United States. 
A number of other species of Bostrichids are also found in 
eastern United States. Lichenophanes armiger (LeC.) breeds in 
various hardwods, chiefly dead and dying oak. L. bicornis (Web.) 
has been recorded breeding under dead bark and in the dead wood 
of sycamore, hackberry, oak, pecan, hickory, apple, beech, and 
elm. Lumber and other stored stock of oak, hickory, sycamore, 
and black locust are also infested occasionally. Scobicia bidentata 
(Horn) commonly infests freshly cut wood and lumber of hickory, 
elm, oak, chestnut, hackberry, and sassafras in the Midwest. 
Polycaon stoutw (LeC.), a destructive western species, is fre- 
quently shipped to the Eastern States in infested wood. It is 
especially injurious to veneer plywood which is infested while in 
storage. Adults are coal black, broad-headed, and from 12 to 25 
mm. long. Dendrobiella aspera (LeC.), D. sericans (LeC.), and 
Xyloblaptus quadrispinosus (LeC.) are frequently encountered 
in hardwoods shipped to the Eastern States from the southwest. 
FAMILY PTINIDAE 
SPIDER BEETLES 
The beetles in the family Ptinidae are small, spider-like, and 
from 2 to 4mm. long. The head and pronotum are much narrower 
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