birch, and loblolly and longleaf pines. The larvae are often de- 
structive in nurseries and, probably, plantations. 
Phyllophaga tristis (Fab.) occurs throughout eastern United 
States and in southern Canada. Adults are light or dark yellowish 
brown or slightly reddish, and about 12 mm. long. They seem to 
prefer the foliage of oaks but also feed on maple, persimmon, 
hickory, elm, and willow. The larvae have caused serious losses 
in nurseries in the Lake States. 
Phyllophaga prununculina (Burm.) occurs in the South Atlan- 
tic and Gulf Coast States. It is especially common in the Sand 
Hills of South Carolina. Adults are reddish-brown to black, with 
the surface shining and slightly pruinose, or dull smoky and are 
12 to 18 mm. long. They feed on pines, preferably loblolly and 
longleaf, and sometimes oaks and persimmon. The larvae have 
caused serious losses in pine nurseries and plantations in South 
Carolina. 
Phyllophaga rugosa (Melsh.) occurs mostly in the Northern 
States and southern Canada. Adults are reddish-brown to black, 
shiny, and from 18 to 25 mm. long. They feed on a wide variety of 
hardwoods. The larvae are often destructive in coniferous nur- 
series in the Lake States. 
Phyllophaga crenulata (Froel.) occurs throughout eastern 
United States. Adults are brown, with a covering of short, recum- 
bent hairs, and are about 17 to 20 mm. long. They feed on a wide 
variety of hardwoods, preferably persimmon, hickory, basswood, 
willow, birch, and horse chestnut. The larvae are often serious 
pests in coniferous nurseries in the Lake States. 
Phyllophaga forstert (Burm.) occurs generally throughout eas- 
tern United States. Adults are reddish-brown and shiny, have 
dusky heads, and are about 16 mm. long. They feed on a wide 
variety of hardwoods such as beech, birch, elm, magnolia, maple, 
tupelo, walnut, and willow. There are also reports of their feeding 
on pine. The larvae are often destructive in nurseries in the South. 
Phyllophaga prunina (LeC.) occurs throughout the central part 
of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. Adults are 
chestnut-brown to black and about 18 mm. long. They feed on 
various hardwoods such as beech, elm, walnut, basswood and 
willow. Feeding on pine has also been observed. The larvae are 
sometimes injurious in nurseries in the Lake States. 
Phyllophaga implicta Horn occurs mostly in the Mississippi 
and Ohio River Valleys. Adults are orange-brown to brown (with 
the head and thorax darker), shining, and about 14 to 18 mm. 
long. They feed on beech, dogwood, elm, sycamore, tupelo, walnut, 
willow, basswood, maple, and other plants. The larvae killed 
millions of seedlings in nurseries in Iowa in the thirties. 
The genus Polyphylla Harris is represented by a number of 
species in eastern United States, a few of which are sometimes 
injurious. The beetles are somewhat larger than those of the 
genus Phyllophaga. A few species are entirely brown while the 
remainder are brown- or white-striped. They are distinguished 
further by their massive antennal clubs, which consist of six or 
seven extremely long thin, flat, parallel, leaflike plates. 
The larvae of Polyphylla variolosa Hentz have caused heavy 
losses in coniferous nurseries in the Northeast. The larvae of P. 
occidentalis (L.) have been observed feeding on the roots of pine 
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