duced parasites, Tiphia vernalis Rohwer and T. popilliavora 
oe in particular, also exert a considerable degree of control 
LAS) ) 
Cotalpa lanigera L., the goldsmith beetle, occurs throughout 
eastern United States and feeds on the foliage of various hard- 
woods, such as aspen, oak, and willow. The adult is broadly oval, 
convex, and from 20 to 26 mm. long. It is a brightly colored beetle, 
the elytra being lemon yellow, and the head and thorax burnished 
golden. The venter is greenish to copper colored and covered with 
whitish wool. The legs are reddish-yellow. Full-grown larvae are 
about 48 mm. long. The head is tan and the underside of the last 
abdominal segment is thickly covered with hooked spines. Adults 
emerge in late spring and the females deposit their eggs in the 
soil. The larvae feed on the roots of various plants, probably in- 
cluding young conifers. Adults have been observed fairly com- 
monly in nurseries in the Lake States. The life cycle requires 
from 2 to 3 years for completion. 
The green June beetle, Cotinis nitida (L.), one of the most 
widely recognized members of the family, occurs throughout 
much of eastern United States, most commonly in the Atlantic 
and Gulf Coastal States and in the Mississippi River Valley. The 
adult is usually velvety green above, with the margins orange 
yellow, and is about 10 to 25 mm. long. The under-surface is 
shining green and orange yellow, and the head is armed with a 
hornlike process. Full-grown larvae are up to 50 mm. long and 
have the interesting habit of crawling on their backs. 
Adults are most numerous during June and July, and the fe- 
males deposit their eggs in soil rich with organic matter. The 
larvae feed on the organic matter during the remainder of the 
season and then enter hibernation. In the spring, they move close 
to the surface and feed on both dead vegetation and the roots of 
living plants. Lawns and golf courses are often damaged severely. 
Seedlings in forest nurseries are sometimes injured. 
The genus Dynastes Kirby, which contains the largest known 
beetles, is represented in eastern United States by only one 
species, the eastern hercules beetle, D. tityus (L.). It has been re- 
corded from New York, Indiana, and Arkansas south to the Gulf 
of Mexico and breeds in decayed hardwood stumps and logs. It is 
also found occasionally in cavities in the bases of living trees. The 
adult is very large, from 40 to 60 mm. long and is usually green- 
ish-gray or tan, except for mottlings or blotch-like areas of black. 
The male is armed with a large pronotal horn which projects 
forward and almost meets another horn which projects upward 
from the front of the head. Females are somewhat smaller than 
the males and are without horns. The habits of the adults are not 
well understood; however, they have been observed feeding on 
sap oozing from wounds on ash trees. 
The genus Xyloryctes Hope is represented in eastern forests by 
3 or 4 species, one of which, the rhinoceros beetle, X, jamaicensis 
(Drury), is common in hardwood stands in the South. The adults 
are robust, shiny beetles, about 28 mm. long. They are dark chest- 
nut to blackish-brown above, and paler and thickly clothed with 
reddish hairs below. The male has a single, large curved horn on 
top of the head. In the female, a large tubercle replaces the horn. 
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