The genus Lymantor Lovendal is also represented by a single 
species, L. decipiens (LeC.), in the United States. The adult is 
reddish-brown and about 17 mm. long. The antennal funicle is 
four-segmented ; the club sutured on both sides and slightly longer 
than wide. It breeds in dead dry limbs, sprouts, and seedlings of 
hickory, maple, and apple. Its burrows are constructed in the 
wood, usually just beneath the bark but sometimes deeper. The 
adults and larvae reportedly feed on certain black wood fungi 
which are always present in the dead wood (698). 
The genus Hypothenemus Westw. contains numerous species 
that breed in dying and dead twigs, dead bark, seeds, and hulls. 
Included in the genus are species formerly assigned to the genus 
Stephanoderes Eichh. The latter is now recognized as a subgenus 
by most American specialists in the family Scolytidae. Very few 
species are economically important. However, a few of the seed- 
infesting ones may be injurious at times. 
Hypothenemus (Stephanoderes) dissimilis (Zimm.) is widely 
distributed in eastern America from Quebec to Florida and west 
to Michigan. It breeds in dying branches and dead twigs of vari- 
ous hardwoods such as the hickories, oaks, honey locust, horn- 
beam, and redbud. The adult is dark brown to black and from 1.2 
to 1.8 mm. long. Deep entrance holes are bored and one or more 
elongate tunnels are constructed more or less parallel to the 
grain. They may be found in the sapwood just beneath the bark, 
deep in the sapwood, or in the pith. Where numerous, they may 
honeycomb the wood. 
Hypothenemus (Stephanoderes) rotundicollis (Eichh.) occurs 
in the Southeastern States and breeds in the limbs of oaks and 
hickories. The adult is dark brown to black and about 1.6 to 1.8 
mm. long. H. (S.) quercus (Hopk.) attacks various oaks, hop 
hornbeam, honey locust, and hickories in the Southeastern States. 
The adult is dark brown and from 1.5 to 1.9 mm. long. H. (S.) 
chapuisi (Eichh.) breeds in sassafras and redbud. It has been 
recorded from Texas, Mississippi, Georgia, and North Carolina. 
The adult is dark brown to black and about 1.9 mm. long. H. (S.) 
salicis (Hopk.) has been observed breeding in willow in North 
Carolina, West Virginia and Pennsylvania. The adult is brown to 
black and about 1.6 mm. long. H. (S.) interstitialis (Hopk.) at- 
tacks oaks, hickory, and walnut. It has been recorded from Texas, 
Mississippi, and North Carolina. The adult is dark brown to 
black and from 0.9 to 1.6 mm. long. There is a slightly reddish 
rugose area on the pronotum. H. (S.) georgiae (Hopk.) has been 
collected from the seeds of wild cherry, from pecan nuts, and 
from the twigs of pine and several hardwoods in the Southeast. 
The adult is dark brown and from 1.1 to 1.6 mm. long. H. (S) 
obscurus (F.), an introduced species, has been recorded from a 
wide variety of hosts, including black locust. H. eruditus Westw. 
attacks dogwood, redbud, hickory, and black cherry from West 
Virginia to Mississippi. The adult is dark brown to black and 
from 1.1 to 1.3 mm. long. 
The genus Pityophthorus Hichh., the largest of all the genera 
of bark beetles, is represented by numerous species in eastern 
forests. The majority of species breed in the inner bark of twigs 
or small branches, but a few may be found in larger material. 
Some species breed in the pith. Conifers, especially pines, are 
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