are often numerous. Some may be large enough to enclose entire 
small trees. 
The ugly-nest caterpillar is usually of little or no economic 
importance because the trees attacked are usually of low value. 
However, the presence of its webs on roadside vegetation may be 
objectionable because of their unsightliness. The cutting and 
removal of nests provides adequate control in most situations. 
The oak webworm, Archips fervidanus (Clem.), occurs 
throughout the oak regions of the Northeastern and Lake States 
and in various parts of southern Canada. Its favored hosts appear 
to be scrub and bur oaks, but it also feeds on the seedlings and 
sprouts of several other oaks. The adult is brownish and has a 
wingspread of 18 to 25 mm. The forewing is yellowish brown with 
dark patches. The hindwing is uniformly smoky except for a light 
colored fringe marked with a fine, fasal line. Full-grown larvae 
are grayish-green and about 20 mm. long. Larvae live together in 
webs, some of which may be several inches wide and up to 114 
feet long (fig. 149). Occasionally, they are large enough to en- 
close all of the leaves at the top of a tree. Winter is spent in the 
egg stage. Larvae appear in midsummer, and pupation occurs 
within the nest. The species is of little economic importance. 
The fruit-tree leaf roller, Archips argyrospilus (Wlkr.), occurs 
throughout the United States and from coast to coast in southern 
Canada. Its hosts include many fruit trees and many forest and 
shade trees such as ash, hickory, elm, oak, maple, walnut, poplar, 
birch, basswood, and horse chestnut. The adult is pale yellow to 
orange red and has a wingspread of 18 to 25 mm. The forewings 
COURTESY CONN. AGR. EXPT. STA. 
FIGURE 149.—Nest of larvae 
of the oak webworm, Ar- 
chips fervidanus. 
377 
