a a 
parasitize various native and introduced species of eastern forest 
insects. More than 125 species have been recorded attacking lepi- 
dopterous larvae in this country (638, 639). A few of the more 
important introduced species are discussed here. 
Compsilura concinnata (Meigen) (fig. 172) was imported 
against the gypsy and brown-tail moths in the early days of this 
century. It is now widely distributed throughout most of the 
Northeast and in southeastern Canada where it attacks at least 
200 species of Lepidoptera. Parasitization of the gypsy moth 
averages from 10 to 50 percent in much of the infested area. 
Even higher percentages are recorded in brown-tail and satin 
moth infestations (205, 177, 751, 124). 
Blepharipa scutellata (R.-D.) (fig. 178), a parasite of the 
gypsy moth, was imported and became established by 1911. 
In most of the areas where it occurs, it parasitizes from 5 to 25 
percent of the gypsy moth population. As far as known, it confines 
its attack to the gypsy moth in this country, whereas in Europe 
it has several lepidopterous hosts. Burgess and Crossman (124) 
discussed its life history and habits. 
Parasetigena agilis (R.-D.) and Exzorista larvarum (L.) were 
imported against the gypsy moth from 1924 to 19338. P. agilis, a 
single brooded species, is probably the most important parasite of 
the nun moth in Europe. EF. larvarum, a multi-brooded species, 
attacks about 45 different hosts in Europe. Both species are now 
important parasites of the gypsy moth throughout the generally 
infested area in the United States. E. larvarum is also a parasite 
of the satin moth and brown-tail moth in this country. 
Two species, Townsendiellomyia nidicola (Tns.) and Carcelia 
laxifrons Vill., were imported against the brown-tail moth during 
wis 
l oe 3 
F-519565 
FIGURE 173.—Adult of Blepharipa 
scutellata, a parasite of the 
gypsy moth and other defoliators. 
F-519564 
FIGURE 172.—Adult and puparium of Comp- 
silura concinnata, a parasite of the gypsy 
moth and other defoliators. 
430 
