Kratochviliana (=Chrysocharis) laricinellae (Ratz.) (fig. 
194), a parasite of the larch casebearer and the birch leaf-mining 
sawfly was introduced into New England and Canada in the late 
twenties and thirties. It now appears to be widely established. 
Adults are bright, metallic green with pale yellow legs, and are 
about 2 to 3 mm. long. There may be 8 generations per year in 
the casebearer, but there are only one and a partial second in the 
sawfly. This species is not an effective parasite of the casebearer 
because it sometimes also acts as a secondary parasite and attacks 
the more effective introduced parasite, Agathis pumilis (204). 
Its effectiveness in controlling the birch leaf-mining sawfly is 
unknown. 
Dahlbominus fuscipennis (Zett.), a parasite of several species 
of sawflies in Europe, was introduced into Canada in 1934 for 
release against the European spruce sawfly. The following year, 
shipments were received from Canada for release against the 
same species in Maine. Since then, releases have been made against 
several other sawflies in Canada and the United States. So far, 
it has been recovered in this country from the European spruce 
sawfly in New England, the European pine sawfly in New Jersey, 
the red-headed pine sawfly in Michigan, the Virginia pine sawfly 
in Virginia, Neodiprion pratti paradoxicus and N. pinirigidae in 
New Jersey, the red-pine sawfly in Wisconsin, the balsam-fir saw- 
fly in Maine, and Diprion frutetorum in Connecticut (205). 
Adults are 2.3 to 2.8 mm. long. The head, thorax, and abdomen 
are black; the wings have a smoky tinge; the legs are white to 
light brown, except the femur which is black; and the antennae 
are elbowed and black, except for a white scape in the female. 
This species is an external parasite of sawfly larvae and of saw- 
fly pupae within their cocoons. There are from two to seven gen- 
erations per year, depending on location. It has never become a 
very effective parasite of the spruce sawfly. Yet, almost 50 per- 
cent parasitization of the European pine sawfly has been recorded 
locally in New Jersey. 
Coccophagus insidiator (Dalman), a European parasite of the 
introduced European elm scale was discovered at Ithaca, New 
York, in 1924 where it was parasitizing the scale quite heavily. 
It had apparently been introduced into the area by accident. The 
female is an endoparasite of the scale; the male an ectoparasite 
F-519579 
FIGURE 194.—Adult of the 
parasite Kratochviliana 
laricinellae. 
473 
